The Influence of Various Growth Regulators on Induction Organogenic Callus from Gajah and Kuning Cassava Genotype (Manihot esculenta Crantz)
Abstract
Kuning and Gajah genotypes are two collections of cassava in the Biotechnology Research Center for Germplasm, LIPI with the advantages of each genotype are high beta carotene and high production. The multiplication in in vitro culture can be done one of them through organogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of using 2,4-D; NAA and Kinetin are used singly for the formation of organogenesis of cassava in the Kuning Cassava and Gajah genotypes. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Modification of Plant Biosynthetic Pathways, Biteknologi Research Center, LIPI, Bogor since January - February 2018. The source of explants were young leaves and petiols from cassava plant culture in vitro genotypes of Gajah and Kuning yam which were three months old. in culture. The basic media used as a planting medium were Murashige and Skoog (MS) media with the addition of growth regulators (ZPT) singly, 2,4-D, NAA and Kinetin with two concentrations of ZPT each, 8 and 10 mg L- 1 This research was arranged based on a completely randomized design factorial pattern consisting of 2 factors. All data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA and if there is an influence then proceed with the DMRT test with an error rate of 5% using the SPSS program. The highest number of Kuning genotype cassava organogenic callus that developed into shoots on the medium added by ZPT was 2.4 D and kinetin with the same concentration of 8 mg L-1. Formation of the best organogenic callus in petiol explants in the media with the addition of a single 2,4-D and Kinetin with the same concentration of 8 mg L-1.
Keywords: Cassava, growth regulators, organogenic.
References
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Rahayu B, Solichatun & Anggarawulan E. 2003. Pengaruh Asam 2,4-Diklorofenoksiasetat (2,4-D) terhadap Pembentukan dan Pertumbuhan Kalus serta Kandungan Flavonoid Kultur Kalus Acalypha indica L. Biofarmasi. 1(1): 1-6.
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Sukmadjaja D & Widhiastuti H. 2011. Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on Shoot Multiplication and Root Induction of Cassava Varieties Culture In Vitro. BIOTROPIA-The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology. 18(1).
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Zhang SP & Lemaux. 2004. Molecular Aspect of in Vitro Shoot Organogenesis in Plant Development and Biotechnology. CRC Press. New York.
Abidin RR. 1990. Parenting Stress Index (PSI). Charlottesville, VA: Pediatric Psychology Press.
Cacai GHT, Adoukonou-Sagbadja H, Kumulugui BS, Ovono PO, Houngue J & Ahanhanzo C. 2013. Eradication of Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Mosaic Symptoms Through Thermotherapy and Meristems Cultured in Vitro. International Journal of Agronomy and Plant Production. 4 (Special Issue): 3697-3701.
Conger BV. 1980. Cloning Agricultural Plants via In Vitro Technique. CRC Press Inc. Florida. 11-22 p.
Dinarti DU, Sayekti & Alitalia A. 2010. Kultur Jaringan Kantong Semar (Nepenthes mirabilis). J. Hort. Indonesia. 1(2): 59 - 65.
Feitosa T, Bastos JLP, Ponte LFA. Juca TL. Campos FAP. 2007. Somatic Embryogenesis in Cassava Genotypes from The Northeast of Brazil. Braz Arch Biol Technol. 50(2): 201-206.
Fletcher EKA, Amoako TNE, Twumasi P. 2011. Effect of 2.4-D, Explants Type and Cultivar on The Callogenesis Expression of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) in Ghana. Afr J Biotechnol. 10(46): 9396-9401.
Gunawan LW. 1987. Teknik Kultur Jaringan. Laboratorium Kultur Jaringan Tanaman. PAU Bioteknologi. IPB Bogor.
Gunawan LW. 1995. Teknik Kultur In Vitro dalam Hortikultura. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta.
Hankoua BB, Taylor NJ, Ng SYC, Fawole I, Puonti-Kaerlas J, Padmanabhan C, ... & Fondong VN. 2006. Production of The First Transgenic Cassava in Africa via Direct Shoot Organogenesis from Friable Embryogenic Calli and Germination of Maturing Somatic Embryos. African Journal of Biotechnology. 5(19).
Harjadi SS. 2009. Zat Pengatur Tumbuh. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta.
Hartati NS, Rahman N, Fitriani H & Sudarmonowati E. 2013. Koleksi Kultur In Vitro Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) Sebagai Material Perakitan Bibit Unggul. Dalam Sutanto RUMS, Soedjanaatmadja U, Supriatman T, & Panji (Eds.). Seminar Nasional Riset Pangan, Obat-obatan, dan Lingkungan untuk Kesehatan. Bogor 27-28 Juni 2013. 389-398.
Hartati & Hartati NS. 2019. Potential of Yields and Starch Production from Several Local Cassava Genotypes. Bioscience. 3(1): 31-39.
Hartmann HT, Kester DE & Davies FT. 1990. Plant Propagation Principles and Practices. Prentice-Hall, Inc. Englewood Cliff. New Jersey.
Hendaryono IDPS & Wijayani IA. 1994. Teknik kultur jaringan, pengenalan dan Petunjuk Perbanyakan Tanaman secara Vegetatif-Modern. Kanisius.
Hutami S, Mariska I, Purnamaningsih R, Herman M, Damayanti D & Utami IR. 2001. Regeneration of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) through Somatic Embryogenesis. Proc of the 2nd. Indonesian Biotechnology Conference. Indonesian Biotechnology Concortium.
Indah PN & Ermavitalini D. 2013 Induksi Kalus Daun Nyamplung (Calophylullum inophyllum Linn) pada Beberapa Kombinasi Konsentrasi 6-Benzeyla minopurine (BAP) dan 2,4-Dichloro-phenoxyacetic Acid (2,4-D). Jurnal Sains dan Seni Pomits. 2:16.
Sari PK. 2013. Pengaruh Zat Pengatur Tumbuh 2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) dan Kinetin (6-Furfurylaminopurine) untuk Pertumbuhan Tunas Eksplan Pucuk Tanaman Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq. ex Roxb.) secara In Vitro. LenteraBio. 2(1): 75-80.
Khumaida N & Fauzi A.R. 2013. Induksi Tunas Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) var. Adira 2 Secara In vitro. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy). 41(2).
Kuswara S. 2015. Teknik Pengelolaan Umbi-Umbian bagian 6: Pengelolaan Singkong. Southeast Asian Food and Agricutural Science and Technology (SEAFAST). Bogor Agricultural University.
Loyola-Vargas VM & Vasques-Flota F. 2006. Plant cell culture protocols. In: Loyola-Vargas, V.M. and Vázques-lota, F. (Eds). 2ndMethods in Molecular Biology 318. Humana press Inc. New Jersey: 3-8.
Mardhiyetti ZS, Jamarun N & Suliansyah I. 2015. Pengaruh BAP (Benzil Adenin Purin) Dan Naa (Naphthalen Acetic Acid) Terhadap Eksplan Tanaman Turi (Sesbania grandiflora) dalam Media Multiplikasi In Vitro. Pasture. 5(1): 35-38.
Mapayi EF, Ojo DK, Oduwaye OA & Porbeni JBO. 2013. Optimization of In Vitro Propagation of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) Genotypes. J Agric Sci. 5(3): 261-269.
Mushiyimana I, Hakizimana E, Gashaka G, Sallah PYK, Kalisa S, Gatunzi F, Asiimwe T, Kahia J & Gahakwa D. 2011. Micro-Propagation of Disease resistant Cassava Variety in Rwanda. Rwanda J. 24: 49-57
Nugroho CC. 2011. Penambahan Kinetin dan Ca-P terhadap Multiplikasi Tanaman Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz.) Varietas Adira 2 dan Adira 4 secara In Vitro. skripsi. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Nugroho CC. 2014. Studi embriogenesis dan organogenesis serta respon beberapa genotipe ubi kayu terhadap AlCl3. Tesis. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Nugroho CC. 2017. Induksi Kalus Embriogenik Beberapa Genotipe Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta Crantz.). Jurnal Magrobis. 17(1): 1-15.
Ogero KO, Gitonga NM, Mwangi M, Ombori O & Ngugi M. 2012. Cost-Effective Nutrient Source for Tissue Culture of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz.). Afr. J. Biotechnol. 11: 12964-12973.
Onuoch CI & Onwubiku NIC. 2007. Micropropagation of Cassava (Mannihot esculenta Crantz) Using Different Concentrations of Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP). J. Eng. Appl. Sci. 2: 1229-1231.
Pardal SJ. 2003. Perkembangan Penelitian Regenerasi dan Transformasi Pada Tanaman Kedelai. Bul. Agrobio. 5(2): 37-44.
Purnamaningsih R. 2003. Regenerasi Tanaman melalui Embryogenesis Somatic dan Beberapa Gen yang Mengen-dalikannya. Bul. Agrobio. 5(2): 51-58.
Rahayu B, Solichatun & Anggarawulan E. 2003. Pengaruh Asam 2,4-Diklorofenoksiasetat (2,4-D) terhadap Pembentukan dan Pertumbuhan Kalus serta Kandungan Flavonoid Kultur Kalus Acalypha indica L. Biofarmasi. 1(1): 1-6.
Rossin CB & Rey MEC. 2011. Effect of Explants Source and Auxins on Somatic Embryogenesis of Selected Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) cultivar. S Afr J Bot. 77: 59-65.
Sudarmonowati E, Hartati S & Taryana T. 2002. Produksi Tunas, Regenerasi dan Evaluasi Hasil Ubi Kayu (Manihot esculenta) Indonesia Asal Kultur Jaringan di Lapang. Natur Indonesia. 4(2): 96-108.
Sukmadjaja D & Widhiastuti H. 2011. Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on Shoot Multiplication and Root Induction of Cassava Varieties Culture In Vitro. BIOTROPIA-The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology. 18(1).
Suyitno A & Henuhili V. 2010. Induksi Kalus dan OrganogenesisTtanaman Ngukilo (Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr.) dengan 2,4 D dan Kombinasi NAA - Air Kelapa secara In Vitro. Prosiding Seminar Nasional “Biology and Local Wisdom: Past, Present And Future”: 56-67. Yogyakarta, 2 Juli 2011.
USDA National Nutrient Data Base 2017. (Online), (http://www.nutrition-andyou. com/cassava.html., diakses 22 Agustus 2017).
Wattimena GA, Gunawan LW, Mattjik NA, Syamsudin E, Wiendi NMA & Ernawati A. 1992. Bioteknologi Tanaman. Bogor : Institut Pertanian Bogor Press.
Widaningsih R. 2015. Outlook Komoditas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan. Pusat Data dan Sistem Informasi Pertanian. Kementerian Pertanian.
Wongtiem P, Courtois D, Florin B, Juchaux M, Peltier D, Broun P & Ducos, JP. 2011. Effects of Cytokinins on Secondary Somatic Embryogenesis of Selected Clone Rayong 9 of Manihot esculenta Crantz for Ethanol
Production. African Journal of Biotechnology. 10(9): 1600–1608.
Zhang SP & Lemaux. 2004. Molecular Aspect of in Vitro Shoot Organogenesis in Plant Development and Biotechnology. CRC Press. New York.
Published
2021-07-12
How to Cite
RAHMAN, Nurhamidar et al.
The Influence of Various Growth Regulators on Induction Organogenic Callus from Gajah and Kuning Cassava Genotype (Manihot esculenta Crantz).
Jurnal ILMU DASAR, [S.l.], v. 22, n. 2, p. 119-126, july 2021.
ISSN 2442-5613.
Available at: <https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/JID/article/view/9305>. Date accessed: 20 july 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.19184/jid.v22i2.9305.
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