Evaluation of Adaptation and Production of Three Selected Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Peat Land Area of Central Kalimantan

  • Hani Fitriani Research Center Biotechnology, Cibinong, LIPI
  • N. Sri Hartati Research Center Biotechnology, Cibinong, LIPI
  • Enny Sudarmonowati Research Center Biotechnology, Cibinong, LIPI

Abstract

Along with the increasing the of the land-use change of the fertile agricultural land in Java, the better awareness has been subjected to the importance of function peat land for agricultural development. Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a tuber plant that potentially developed as important carbohydrate source. The objective of this research was to identify superior cassava variety candidate of selected cassava developed by of Research Centre Biotechnology, LIPI which has high adaptation capability and yield in Central Kalimantan peat land area. This research was conducted from July 2010 through May 2011 in Central Kalimantan Province (Kalampangan dan Pulang Pisau in total of area 1.5 and 2.25 ha respectively). There were three genotypes of cassava tested, i.e. Iding (high amylose), Gebang (low amylose), and Menti (high starch) compared to Adira 4 (35 ton/ha) and Darul Hidayah (102.1 ton/ha). The variables observed were plant height (cm) and tuber weight (grams). Observations were conducted at the age of 10 months. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. The results showed that the plant height and yield were higher in Pulang Pisau than Kalampangan even though the difference is not significant (P ≤ 0,05). Darul Hidayah has highest plant height and yield, 229.8 cm and 2271 g respectively among other genotypes/varieties grown at Pulang Pisau even though the value was not significant, whereas in Kalampangan, Darul Hidayah showed the lowest yield (670 g). Based on the data obtained, the Darul Hidayah variety can be cultivated by farmers in Pulang Pisau peat land to fulfill the availability of superior cassava seedlings for food, feed and industry.
Keywords: Peat, tuber yield, plant height, liquid organic fertilizer, yam wood.

References

Agus, F. dan Subiksa, I.G.M. 2008. Lahan gambut: Potensi untuk pertanian dan aspek lingkungan. Balai Penelitian Tanah dan World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Bogor.

Anonim. 2017.Gambaran Umum Kawasan Bergambut Kalteng. https://kalteng.go.id/INDO/Gambut.htm. [9 oktober 2017].

Balitkabi. 2016. Deskripsi varietas unggul ubi kayu 1978-2016. .September 2016. http://balitkabi.litbang.pertanian.go.id/publikasi/deskripsi-varietas/. Diunduh 5 januari 2018.

BPS Propinsi Kalimantan Tengah. 2018. https://kalteng.bps.go.id/. Diunduh 3 Januari 2019.

Djaenudi, D. 1993. Lahan marjinal, tantangan dan pemanfaatannya. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. 12(4): 79-86.

Fakultas Pertanian IPB. 1986. Gambut Pedalaman untuk Lahan Pertanian. Kerjasama Dinas Pertanian Tanaman Pangan Provinsi Dati I, Kalimantan Tengah dengan Fakultas Pertanian IPB, Bogor.

Hardjowigeno, S. 1995. Suitability of Indonesian peat soils for agriculture developmment. In Rieley and Page (Eds) Biodiversity and Sustainability of Tropical Peatland. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Biodiversity, Environtmental Importance and Sustainability of Tropical Peats and Peatlands. Palangka Raya, 4-8 September 1995. p.327-334.

Haryono. 2013. Strategi dan Kebijakan Kementerian dalam Optimalisasi Lahan Sub-optimal Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan Nasional. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Jakarta. 11 halaman.

Howeler, R.H., Lutaladio, N. and Thomas, G. 2013. Save and Grow: Cassava, A guide to sustainable production intendification. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, 2013. 129 p.

Inardo, D., Wardati, dan Deviona Jom. 2014. Evaluasi Daya Hasil 8 Genotipe Cabai (Capsicum annuum L.) di Lahan Gambut. Faperta, 1(2).

Indriani, H.Y. 2001. Membuat Kompos Secara Kilat. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta.

Maftu’ah, E., Maas, A., Syukur, dan Purwanto, B. 2013. Efektivitas amelioran pada lahan gambut terdegradasi untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan serapan npk tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays L. var. saccharata). Agronomi Indonesia. 41(1): 16–23.

Masganti. 2013. Teknologi inovatif pengelolaan lahan suboptimal gambut adan sulfat masam untuk peningkatan produksi tanaman pangan. Jurnal pengembangan Inovasi Pertanian. 6(4): 187-197.

Masganti, Wahyunto, Dariah, A., Nurhayati, dan Yusuf, R. 2014. Karakteristik dan Potensi Pemanfaatan Lahan Gambut Terdegradasi di Provinci Riau. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan. 8(1): 59-66.

Mohr, P. dan Schoper, P. 1995. Plant Physiology. Translated by Gudrun and D.W. Lawlor. Springer.

Najiati, S., Muslihat. L., dan Suryadiputra, I.N.N. 2005. Panduan Pengelolaan Lahan Gambut untuk Pertanian Berkelanjutan. Wetlands International. Indonesia Programme. Bogor.

Noor, M. 2010. Hubungan Nilai Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca dengan Teknologi Pengelolaan Lahan Gambut. Makalah Seminar Workshop Pelaksanaan Perhitungan dan Penurunan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca pada Lahan Gambut, 4 Mei 2010 di Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup R.I. Jakarta.

Novian. 2002. Petunjuk Pemupukan yang Efektif. PT. Agromedia Pustaka. Jakarta.

Nugroho, T.C., Oksana dan Aryanti, E. 2013. Analisis Sifat Kimia Tanah Gambut yang Dikonversi menjadi Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit di Kabupaten Kampar. Jurnal Agroteknologi. 4(1): 25-30.

Nugroho, T.C. dan Aryanti, E. 2013. Analisis Sifat Kimia Tanah Gambut yang Dikonversi menjadi Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit di Kabupaten Kampar. Jurnal Floratek, 40(6): 124-139.

Nurhayati. 2013. Pengaruh Jenis Amelioran Terhadap Efektivitas dan Infektivitas Mikroba pada Tanah Gambut dengan Kedelai sebagai Tanaman Indikator. Floratek. 40(6): 124–139.

Nurjannah, L. 2017. https://lailanurjannah.wordpress.com/2017/07/. Diunggah 9 Oktober 2017.

Radjit, B.S., Widodo, Y., Saleh, N., dan Prasetiaswati, N. 2013. teknologi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan keuntungan usahatani ubikayu di lahan kering ultisol. IPTEK Tanaman Pangan. 9(1): 51-62.

Radjagukguk, B. 2004. Developing sustainnable agriculture on tropical peatland: Challenges and prospects. Proceding of the 12th International Peat Congress. Wise use of peatlands. Vol. 1 presentations. Tampere, Findland, 707-212.

Ramadani, S., Linda, R., Setyawati, T.R. 2015. Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) Pada Tanah Gambut yang Diaplikasikan dengan Bokashi Jerami dan Pupuk Petrhikaphos. Protobiont. 4 (1): 1-9.

Richana, N. 2012. Ubi Kayu dan Ubi Jalar. Bandung: Nuansa Cendikiawa.

Ritung, S., Wahyunto, dan Nugroho, K. 2012. Karakteristik dan sebaran lahan gambut di Sumater, Kalimantan dan Papua. dalam Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pengelolaan lahan gambut berkelanjutan. Bogor, Mei 2012. Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Kementerian Pertanian.

Rusdiana, O. dan Lubis, R.S. 2012. Pendugaan korelasi antara karakteristik tanah terhadap cadangan karbon (Carbon Stock) pada hutan sekunder. Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika. 3: 14-21.

Santoso. 1990. Fisiologi Tumbuhan. Metabolisme dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Tingkat Tinggi. Yogyakarta.

Setiadi, M., Apriansyah, Sampurno, J. 2016. Identifikasi sebaran batuan beku di Bukit Koci Desa Sempalai Kabupaten Sambas Kalimantan Barat dengan menggunakan metode Geolistrik Resistivitas. Positron, 6(2):53-59.

Simatupang, S. 1997. Sifat dan Ciri-Ciri Tanaman. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Wibowo, A., Armaini, Wardati. 2016. Uji tiga genotipe cabai merah (Capsicum annuum L.) pada formulasi pupuk di lahan gambut. JOM FAPERTA, 3(2).
Published
2019-07-16
How to Cite
FITRIANI, Hani; HARTATI, N. Sri; SUDARMONOWATI, Enny. Evaluation of Adaptation and Production of Three Selected Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Peat Land Area of Central Kalimantan. Jurnal ILMU DASAR, [S.l.], v. 20, n. 2, p. 75-82, july 2019. ISSN 2442-5613. Available at: <https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/JID/article/view/7449>. Date accessed: 29 mar. 2024. doi: https://doi.org/10.19184/jid.v20i2.7449.
Section
General