Cardioprotective Effect of Chloroform Extract of Arcangelisia flava  on Doxorubicin-induced Cardiomyopathy

Andika Dewi Ramadhan; Rizqy Kiromin Baroroh; Dinda Maharany; Evi Umayah Ulfa; Endah Puspitasari

doi:10.19184/jid.v23i1.23012

Andika Dewi Ramadhan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jember
Rizqy Kiromin Baroroh Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jember
Dinda Maharany Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jember
Evi Umayah Ulfa Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jember
Endah Puspitasari Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Jember

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/jid.v23i1.23012

Abstract

Long-term use of doxorubicin as cancer chemotherapeutic agent would cause tissue toxicity, including cardiotoxicity. Arcangelisia flava is suggested to have cardio protective effect. This study aimed to determine the effect of chloroform extract of A. flava leaves on cardio histopathology of doxorubicin-treated Wistar white male rats. Wistar male rats were divided into four groups (1) control group; (2) doxorubicin 7.5 mg/kgBW intraperitoneally twice (day 1 and 6); (3) doxorubicin + chloroform extract of A. flava leaves 250 mg/kgBW/day orally for 11 days; (4) Chloroform extract of A. flava leaves 250 mg/kgBW/day orallly for 11 days. At the 12^th day, the rats were sacrificed; the heart organ was taken to make histopathological preparations and analyzed using HE staining. Vacuolization and necrosis are the parameters used in evaluating this effect. The phytochemical screening was also done to determine the compounds in chloroform extract of A. flava leaves. Based on the HE staining, chloroform extract of A. flava leaves decreased the cardiotoxicity caused by doxorubicin. The phytochemical screening showed that chloroform extract of A. flava leaves contains flavonoid, tannin, alkaloid, and triterpenoid. The cardioprotective effect of chloroform extract of A. flava leaves was suggested to be contributed by the flavonoid, tannin, and triterpenoid.

References

Achmadi, SS, Batubara I & Sulistiyani. 2006. Saponins of Albutra (Arcangelisia flava (L.) Merr) as a Hepatoprotector. March. Biopharmaca Research Center.

Billingham, ME, Mason JW, Bristow MR & Daniels JR. 1978. Anthracycline Cardiomyopathy Monitored by Morphologic Changes. Cancer Treatment Reports. 62(6): 865-872.

Brundtland GH. 2003. Global Cancer Rates Could Increase by 50% to 15 Million by 2020. http://www.who.int

Fong and Tse-Ling. 2002. Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Liver Cancer). http://www.medicinet.com

Frias MAU, Lang U, Gerber-Wicht C & James RW. 2010. Native and Reconstituted HDL Protect Cardiomyocytes from Doxorubicin-induced Apoptosis. Cardiovascular Research. 85(1): 118-126.

Keawpradub N, Dej-Adisai S & Yuenyongsawad S. 2004. Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Thai Medicinal Plants Named Khaminkhruea: Songklanakarin. J. Sci. Technol. 27:456-466.

Mamta K & Sashi J. 2012. Tannins: an Antinutrient with Positive Effect to Manage Diabetes. Research Journal of Recent Sciences. 1(12): 1-8.

Maryani M, Nursyam H & Maftuch. 2013. The Phytochemistry and The Anti-bacterial Activity of Yellow Root (Arcangelisia flava Merr.) against Aeromonas hydrophila. Journal of Biology and Life Science. 4:180-190.

Mira L, Fernandez MT, Santos M, Rocha R, Florêncio MH & Jennings KR. 2002. Interactions of Flavonoids with Iron and Copper Ions: a Mechanism for Their Antioxidant Activity. Free Radical Research. 36(11): 1199-1208.

Oliboni LS, Dani C, Funchal C, Henriques JA & Salvador M. 2011. Hepatoprotective, Cardioprotective, and Renal-protective Effects of Organic and Conventional Grapevine Leaf Extracts (Vitis labrusca var. bordo) on Wistar Rat
Tissues. Anais Da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias. 83(4): 1403-1411.

Panchal SK & Brown L. 2013. Cardioprotective and Hepatoprotective Effects of Ellagitannins from European Oak Bark (Quercus petraea L.) Extract in Rats. European Journal of Nutrition. 52(1): 397-408.

Pascual ME, Carretero ME, Slowing KV & Villar A. 2002. Simplified Screening by TLC of Plant Drugs. Pharmaceutical Biology. 40(2): 139-143.

Pontes JCDV, Gomez JF, Da Silva GVR, Benfatti RA, Dias AEMSÁS, Duarte, N. Gardena JJ, Odashiro M & Dos Santos CHM. 2010. Anatomopathological Study of Cardiomyopathy Induced by Doxorubicin in Rats. Acta Cirurgica Brasileira. 25(2): 137-143.

Raksamiharja R, Sy K, Zulharini MS, Novarina A & Sasmito E. 2012. Elettaria cardamomum Distillate Increases Cellular Immunity in Doxorubicin Treated Rats. Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention. 3(3): 437.

Robinson T. 1995. Kandungan Organik Tumbuhan Tinggi. Bandung: Institut Teknologi Bandung.
Scalbert A, Manach C, Morand C, Rémésy C, & Jiménez L. 2005. Dietary Polyphenols and The Prevention of Diseases. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 45(4): 287-306.

Shanmugarajan TS, Arunsundar M, Somasundaram I, Krishnakumar E, Sivaraman D & Ravichandrian V. 2008. Cardioprotective Effect of Ficus hispida Linn. on Cyclophosphamide Provoked Oxidative Myocardial Injury in a Rat Model. International Journal of Pharmacology. 4: 78-87.

Takemura G & Fujiwara H. 2007. Doxorubicin-induced Cardiomyopathy from The Cardiotoxic Mechanisms to Management. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases. 49(5): 330-352.

van Acker FA, Hulshof JW, Haenen GR, Menge WM, van der Vijgh WJ & Bast A. 2001. New Synthetic Flavonoids as Potent Protectors Against Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity. Free Radical Biology & Medicine. 31(1): 31-37.

Wagner H & Grevel J. 1982. Cardiotonic Amines from Crataegus oxyacantha. Planta Med. 45: 99-101.