Synthesis of Bi4Ti3O12/TiO2 Composite using Sonication Method

Vina Nurul Istighfarini; Ervina Dwi Inggarwati; Anton Prasetyo

doi:10.19184/jid.v21i2.13674

Vina Nurul Istighfarini Program Studi Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang
Ervina Dwi Inggarwati Program Studi Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang
Anton Prasetyo Program Studi Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/jid.v21i2.13674

Abstract

Composite Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂/TiO₂ heterojunction photocatalyst has been prepared by sonication methods. The heterojunction material Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂/TiO₂ was synthesized using an ultrasonic cleaning bath for 4 hours, by mixing Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂ and TiO₂ with variations in the comparison of mol 1:1, 1:2, 1:4 and 1:6. Characterization with XRD showed heterojunction material consisting of Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂, anatase, rutile, and Bi₁₂TiO₂₀. The surface was observed by SEM which showed the morphology of Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂/TiO₂ were spherical TiO₂ and plate-like Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂. The band gap energy of heterojunction material with a variation in mol Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂: TiO₂ of 1:1, 1:2, 1:4 and 1:6 are 3.09; 3.10; 3.15; and 3.16 eV respectively. The all of band gap energy is lower than the band gap energy of TiO₂ anatase and higher than the band gap energy of Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂.
Keywords: composite photocatalyst, heterojunction, sonochemical, Bi₄Ti₃O₁₂, TiO₂.

References

Ambati, R., Gogate, P.R., 2018, Ultrasound assisted synthesis of iron doped TiO2 catalyst, Ultrason Sonochem, 40: 91-100.

Anandan, S., Sivasankar, T.,Lana-Villarreal, T., 2014. Synthesis of TiO2/WO3 Nanoparticles via Sonochemical Approach for the Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue under Visible Light Illumination. Ultrason. Sonochem. 21 (6): 1964-1968.

Chen, K., Hu, R., Feng, X., Xie, K.,Li, Y., Gu, H., 2013. Bi4Ti3O12/TiO2 Heterostructure: Synthesis, Characterization and Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity. Ceram. Int. 39 (8), 9109-9114.

Gu, D., Qin, Y., Wen, Y., Li, T., Qin, L., Seo, H.J., 2017. Electronic Structure and Optical Properties of V-Doped Bi4Ti3O12 Nanoparticles. J. Alloys Compd. 695: 2224-2231.

He, H., Yin, J., Li, Y., Zhang, Y., Qiu, H., Xu, J.,Xu, T., Wang, C.,. 2014. Size Controllable Synthesis of Single-Crystal Ferroelectric Bi4Ti3O12 Nanosheet Dominated with {0 0 1} Facets toward Enhanced Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Activities. Appl. Catal. B-Environ.156–157: 35–43.

Liu Y., Zhu G., Gao J., Hojamberdiev M., Zhu R., Wei X., Guo, Q., Liu P., 2017, Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity of Bi4Ti3O12 Nanosheets by Fe3+-doping and The Addition of Au Nanoparticles: Photodegradation of Phenol and Bisphenol A. Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 200: 72–82.

Henderson, M. A., 2011. A Surface Science Perspective on TiO2 Photocatalysis. Surf. Sci. Rep. 66 (6–7): 185–297.

Li, Y., Dang, L., Han, L., Li, P.,Wang, J., Li, Z., 2013. Iodine-Sensitized Bi4Ti3O12/TiO2 Photocatalyst with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity on Degradation of Phenol. J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem., 379,146–51.

Xue, L., Guan, Q., Zhang, Y., Liu, T., Zou, C., Liu, C., Zhai, H., 2013. Visible Light Photocatalytic Properties of Bi3.25Eu0.75Ti3O12 Nanowires. J. Phys. Chem. Solids. 74 (9): 1254–62.

Prado, A.G.S., Bolzon, L.B., Pedroso, C.P., Moura, A.O., Costa, L.L., 2008. Nb2O5 as Efficient and Recyclable Photocatalyst for Indigo Carmine Degradation. Appl. Catal. B-Environ.82 (3-4): 219–224.

Shi, H.,, Tan, H., Zhu, W.B., Sun, Z.,Ma, Y., Wang, E., 2015. Electrospun Cr-Doped Bi4Ti3O12/Bi2Ti2O7 Heterostructure Fibers with Enhanced Visible-Light Photocatalytic Properties. J. Mater. Chem. A., 2015(3): 6586-6591.

Suslick, K.S., Casadonte, D.J., Green, M.L.HThompson, M.E.,. 1987. Effects of High Intensity Ultrasound on Inorganic Solids. Ultrasonics 25 (1): 56–59.

Zhang, J., Zhou, P., Liu, J., Yu, J., 2014, New Understanding of The Difference of Photocatalytic Activity Among Anatase, Rutile and Brookite TiO2, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 16, 20382.