Urban Anti-Eviction Social Movement
A Case in East Indonesian City
Abstract
This research aims to explain the phenomenon of the Anti-Eviction Movement in Makassar as a case that represents the formation of civil society in East Indonesian city. Using the case study method, this research focuses on aspects related to the struggle for the right to the city and the right to a safe place to live from the threat of eviction based on primary and secondary data. The primary data comes from interviews with participants of the bara-barayya alliance movement in Makassar City conducted from January 2023 to July 2023. In the interviews, the researcher concentrated on how the bara-barayya alliance movement expressed their struggle to claim the right to the city and a safe home from the threat of eviction. Data analysis was conducted through interview analysis to obtain accurate data and describe and explain the data explicitly. The findings in this study show that the feeling of threat among urban residents who face the threat of eviction creates resistance through the anti-eviction movement to claim their right to shelter and housing and the struggle to reclaim their right to the city. This study argues the crucial and urgent importance of understanding urban anti-eviction social movements in various cities to prevent evictions in Indonesia. Mainly to construct the effectiveness of social activism.
Keywords: Activism, Anti-Eviction, Urban Social Movement, Makassar, Indonesia
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Useem, Bert, and Jack A. Goldstone. ‘The Paradox of Victory: Social Movement Fields, Adverse Outcomes, and Social Movement Success’. Theory and Society 51, no. 1 (1 January 2022): 1–30.
Van Stekelenburg, Jacquelien, and Bert Klandermans. ‘The Social Psychology of Protest’. Current Sociology 61, no. 5–6 (2013): 886–905.
Vecchione, Michele, Shalom H. Schwartz, Gian Vittorio Caprara, Harald Schoen, Jan Cieciuch, Jo Silvester, Paul Bain, et al. ‘Personal Values and Political Activism: A Cross-National Study’. British Journal of Psychology (London, England: 1953) 106, no. 1 (February 2015): 84–106.
Vols, Michel, and Erna Kusumawati. ‘The International Right to Housing, Evictions and the Obligation to Provide Alternative Accommodation. A Comparison of Indonesia and the Netherlands’. Asia Pacific Journal on Human Rights and the Law 21, no. 2 (11 December 2020): 237–69.
Wilde, Lawrence. ‘A “Radical Humanist” Approach to the Concept of Solidarity’. Political Studies 52, no. 1 (1 March 2004): 162–78.
Zapata Campos, María José, Jaan-Henrik Kain, Michael Oloko, Mariano Scheinsohn, Jenny Stenberg, and Patrik Zapata. ‘Residents’ Collective Strategies of Resistance in Global South Cities’ Informal Settlements: Space, Scale and Knowledge’. Cities 125 (1 June 2022): 103663.
Andi Imran. Personal Communication, 2023.
Arianto, Andri. ‘FESTIVAL JOGOKALI: Resistensi Terhadap Penggusuran Dan Gerakan Sosial-Kebudayaan Masyarakat Urban’. The Sociology of Islam 1, no. 2 (2011). https://jurnalfisip.uinsa.ac.id/index.php/JSI/article/view/16.
Bayefsky, Anne F. ‘Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights’. In The UN Human Rights Treaty System in the 21 Century, edited by Anne Bayefsky, 451–58. Brill | Nijhoff, 2000.
Caciagli, Carlotta. ‘Generating Solidarity in Diversity: The Case of Housing Struggles in Rome’. Critical Sociology 47, no. 2 (1 March 2021): 249–63.
Castells, Manuel. The Urban Question: A Marxist Approach. MIT Press, 1977.
Dirga. Personal Communication, 2023.
Durkin, Kieran. The Radical Humanism of Erich Fromm. Springer, 2014.
Ghertner, D Asher. ‘India’s Urban Revolution: Geographies of Displacement beyond Gentrification’. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 46, no. 7 (1 July 2014): 1554–71.
Hadiz, Vedi, and Richard Robison. Reorganising Power in Indonesia: The Politics of Oligarchy in an Age of Markets. Routledge, 2004.
Harvey, David. Rebel Cities: From the Right to the City to the Urban Revolution. Verso Books, 2012.
Hollenbach, David. ‘A Relational Understanding of Human Rights: Human Dignity in Social Solidarity’. Emory Law Journal 71, no. 7 (1 January 2022): 1487.
Hund, Scott, and Robert Benford. ‘Collective Identity, Solidarity, and Commitment’. In The Blackwell Companion to Social Movements, 433–57, 2007.
Ian Hidayat. Personal Communication, 2023.
Ijan. Personal Communication, 2023.
Isaac, Larry W., Rachel G. McKane, and Anna W. Jacobs. ‘Pitting the Working Class against Itself: Solidarity, Strikebreaking, and Strike Outcomes in the Early US Labor Movement’. Social Science History 46, no. 2 (May 2022): 315–48.
Izudin, Ahmad and Suyanto. ‘Gerakan Sosial Warga Parangkusumo Pada Kasus Penggusuran Lahan Geo Maritim Park’. Jurnal Sosiologi Reflektif 14, no. 1 (8 November 2019): 109–228.
Lee, Francis, Hsuan-Ting Chen, and Michael Chan. ‘Social Media Use and University Students’ Participation in a Large-Scale Protest Campaign: The Case of Hong Kong’s Umbrella Movement’. Telematics and Informatics 34, no. 2 (1 August 2016): 457–69.
Lefebvre, Henri. ‘From The Production of Space’. In Theatre and Performance Design. Routledge, 2010.
———. Writings on Cities. Blackwell, 1996.
Lelandais, Gülçin Erdi. ‘Citizenship, Minorities and the Struggle for a Right to the City in Istanbul’. Citizenship Studies 17, no. 6–7 (1 October 2013): 817–36.
———. ‘Space and Identity in Resistance against Neoliberal Urban Planning in Turkey’. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 38, no. 5 (1 July 2014): 1785–1806.
Lembaga Bantuan Hukum Makassar. ‘Press Release; “Warga Bara-Baraya Berhasil Merebut Keadilan, Setelah Berjuang Bersama Pendamping Selama 17 Bulan”’. Lbhmakassar.Org (blog), 2018.
https://lbhmakassar.org/press-release/press-release-warga-bara-baraya-berhasil-merebut-keadilan-setelah-berjuang-bersama-pendamping-selama-17-bulan/.
Lembaga Bantuan Hukum Makassar,. ‘Press Release; WASPADA MAFIA PERADILAN!!! “Warga Bara-Baraya Menuntut Keadilan Dan Peradilan Bersih”’. Lbhmakassar.Org (blog), 2020. https://lbhmakassar.org/press-release/waspada-mafia-peradilan-warga-bara-baraya-menuntut-keadilan-dan-peradilan-bersih/.
Makassar Indeks. ‘Menolak Digusur, Warga Bara-Baraya Demo Di Monumen Mandala’. Kumparan.com, 23 July 2018. https://kumparan.com/makassar-indeks/menolak-digusur-warga-bara-baraya-demo-di-monumen-mandala-27431110790551499.
Muñoz, Solange. ‘Urban Precarity and Home: There Is No “Right to the City”’. Annals of the American Association of Geographers 108, no. 2 (4 March 2018): 370–79.
Nunes, Jairo. ‘Sideward Movement’. Linguistic Inquiry - LINGUIST INQ 32, no. 2 (1 April 2001): 303–44.
Nurfitriyanti, Nurfitriyanti, and Nico Oktario Adytyas. ‘Gerakan Sosial Masyarakat Eks Penghuni Lama Gusuran UIN Raden Fatah Kampus B Jakabaring’. Ampera: A Research Journal on Politics and Islamic Civilization 3, no. 02 (30 April 2022): 121–29.
Nurjannatin, Aprilia, Akmal F. Aryo, Citra Zainuri, and Patricia Amelia. ‘Analysis of the Train Station Vendors Eviction Related To University Students’ Social Movement: A Case of Universitas Indonesia’s Students Social Movement to The Train Station Vendors Eviction in Universitas Indonesia Station and Pondok Cina Station’. Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 2, no. 9 (29 September 2013): 752.
Nurnafisah, S. ‘Evictions and Social Protest: The Impact of Development on Residential Space on Laelae Island, Makassar City, South Sulawesi’. Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 11, no. 8 (4 October 2023): e1068.
Obermayr, Christian. Housing the Poor: The Right to the City and Policy Arrangements in Urban Indonesia. Franz Steiner Verlag, 2023.
Padawangi, Rita. ‘Reform, Resistance and Empowerment: Constructing the Public City from the Grassroots in Jakarta, Indonesia’. International Development Planning Review 36, no. 1 (2014): 33–50.
Pizarro, José J., Larraitz N. Zumeta, Pierre Bouchat, Anna Włodarczyk, Bernard Rimé, Nekane Basabe, Alberto Amutio, and Darío Páez. ‘Emotional Processes, Collective Behavior, and Social Movements: A Meta-Analytic Review of Collective Effervescence Outcomes during Collective Gatherings and Demonstrations’. Frontiers in Psychology 13 (31 August 2022).
Ramon-Pinat, Ezequiel. ‘The Difficulties in Spreading Housing Rights Discourse in the Face of “Right Now” Pragmatism on Twitter’. Communication & Society, 1 April 2022, 299–311.
Russo, Chandra. Solidarity in Practice: Moral Protest and the US Security State. Cambridge Studies in Contentious Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018.
Santos, Felipe G. ‘Social Movements and the Politics of Care: Empathy, Solidarity and Eviction Blockades’. Social Movement Studies 19, no. 2 (3 March 2020): 125–43.
Schmid, Christian. ‘Henri Lefebvre, the Right to the City and the New Metropolitan Mainstream’. In Cities for People, Not for Profit : Critical Urban Theory and the Right to the City, edited by Neil Brenner, Peter Marcuse, and Margit Mayer, 42–62. Routledge, 2012.
Tilley, Lisa, Juanita Elias, and Lena Rethel. ‘Urban Evictions, Public Housing, and the Gendered Rationalisation of Kampung Life in Jakarta’. Asia Pacific Viewpoint 60, no. 1 (2019): 80–93.
Tronto, Joan C. Caring Democracy: Markets, Equality, and Justice. NYU Press, 2013.
Useem, Bert, and Jack A. Goldstone. ‘The Paradox of Victory: Social Movement Fields, Adverse Outcomes, and Social Movement Success’. Theory and Society 51, no. 1 (1 January 2022): 1–30.
Van Stekelenburg, Jacquelien, and Bert Klandermans. ‘The Social Psychology of Protest’. Current Sociology 61, no. 5–6 (2013): 886–905.
Vecchione, Michele, Shalom H. Schwartz, Gian Vittorio Caprara, Harald Schoen, Jan Cieciuch, Jo Silvester, Paul Bain, et al. ‘Personal Values and Political Activism: A Cross-National Study’. British Journal of Psychology (London, England: 1953) 106, no. 1 (February 2015): 84–106.
Vols, Michel, and Erna Kusumawati. ‘The International Right to Housing, Evictions and the Obligation to Provide Alternative Accommodation. A Comparison of Indonesia and the Netherlands’. Asia Pacific Journal on Human Rights and the Law 21, no. 2 (11 December 2020): 237–69.
Wilde, Lawrence. ‘A “Radical Humanist” Approach to the Concept of Solidarity’. Political Studies 52, no. 1 (1 March 2004): 162–78.
Zapata Campos, María José, Jaan-Henrik Kain, Michael Oloko, Mariano Scheinsohn, Jenny Stenberg, and Patrik Zapata. ‘Residents’ Collective Strategies of Resistance in Global South Cities’ Informal Settlements: Space, Scale and Knowledge’. Cities 125 (1 June 2022): 103663.
Published
2024-08-31
How to Cite
HIDAYAT, Miftahul; SARI, Ramadhanita Mustika.
Urban Anti-Eviction Social Movement.
Journal of Contemporary Sociological Issues, [S.l.], v. 4, n. 2, p. 124-143, aug. 2024.
ISSN 2775-2895.
Available at: <https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/JCSI/article/view/45718>. Date accessed: 15 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.19184/csi.v4i2.45718.
Section
Articles
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