FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN DEPRESI PADA REMAJA OVERWEIGHT-OBESITAS DI KABUPATEN JOMBANG

Cici Nia Annahar; Lucia Yovita Hendrati

doi:10.19184/ikesma.v18i1.27165

Cici Nia Annahar Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Mulyorejo, 60115, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
Lucia Yovita Hendrati Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat, Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Dr. Ir. H. Soekarno, Mulyorejo, 60115, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/ikesma.v18i1.27165

Abstract

Remaja overweight-obesitas rentan mengalami penyakit tidak menular, salah satunya adalah depresi. Peningkatan jumlah remaja overweight-obesitas menimbulkan peningkatan kejadian depresi. Hal ini dapat mempengaruhi penurunan kualitas hidup remaja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan depresi pada remaja overweight-obesitas. Penelitian ini merupakan observasional analitik dengan rancang bangun cross sectional. Responden berjumlah 43 remaja usia 15 – 19 tahun dengan overweight-obesitas di Kabupaten Jombang. Variabel bebas penelitian ini adalah jenis kelamin, binge eating, dan persepsi citra tubuh. Sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalah depresi. Peneliti mengumpulkan data menggunakan angket online. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret – Mei 2021. Sampel dipilih dengan accidental sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi Rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar remaja overweight-obesitas tidak mengalami depresi sebesar 69,8%, sebagian besar tidak mengalami binge eating sebesar 62,8%, dan sebagian besar responden memiliki ketidakpuasan tubuh sedang sebesar 41,9%. tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis kelamin, binge eating dengan kejadian depresi pada remaja overweight-obesitas. Sedangkan variabel persepsi citra tubuh memiliki hubungan yang siginifikan dengan kejadian depresi pada remaja overweight-obesitas. Depresi pada remaja overweight-obesitas paling banyak berjenis kelamin perempuan, memiliki ketidakpuasan citra tubuh sedang, dan tidak mengalami binge eating. Remaja dengan overweight-obesitas disarankan untuk menerapkan pola hidup sehat, mengubah stigma penurunan berat badan menjadi peningkatan perilaku hidup sehat, meningkatkan kepercayaan dan kepuasan diri dan melakukan konsultasi gizi dan psikologis apabila diperlukan.

References

Ariel AH and Perri MG (2016) Effect of dose of behavioral treatment for obesity on binge eating severity. Eating Behaviors 22: 55–61. doi:10.1016/J.EATBEH.2016.03.032.

2] American Association Psychiatric (2020) Apa Itu Depresi? Available at: https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/depression/what-is-depression (Accessed: 5 August 2021).

3] Carvalho GX de et al (2020) Body image dissatisfaction and associated factors in adolescents Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 25(No. 7): 2769–2782. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232020257.27452018.

4] Chauvet-Gelinier JC et al (2019) Depression and obesity, data from a national administrative database study: Geographic evidence for an epidemiological overlap PLoS ONE 14(No. 1). doi: 10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0210507.

5] Clayborne ZM Varin M and Colman I. (2019) Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: adolescent depression and long-term psychosocial outcomes. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 58(No. 1): 72–79. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.07.896.

6] Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Jombang (2018) Profil Kesehatan Kabupaten Jombang.

7] Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Jombang (2017) Profil Kesehatan Kabupaten Jombang.

8] Escandón-Nagel N et al (2018) Emotional eating and cognitive conflicts as predictors of binge eating disorder in patients with obesity. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology 18(No. 1): 52–59. doi: 10.1016/J.IJCHP.2017.09.003.

9] Flores-Cornejo F et al (2017) Association between body image dissatisfaction and depressive symptoms in adolescents. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry 39(No. 4): 316. doi: 10.1590/1516-4446-2016-1947.

10] Flores J Cruz J and Gascón B (2017) Body-image dissatisfaction in children and adolescents: a systematic review] Nutricion hospitalaria 34(No. 2): 479–489. doi: 10.20960/NH.455.

11] Ganesan S Ravishankar SL and Ramalingam S (2018) Are body image issues affecting our adolescents? a cross-sectional study among college going adolescent girls. Indian Journal of Community Medicine : Official Publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine, 43(No. 1): 42. doi: 10.4103/IJCM.IJCM_62_18.

12] Godfrey KM et al (2019) Depressive symptoms, psychological flexibility, and binge eating in individuals seeking behavioral weight loss treatment. Journal of contextual behavioral science 14: 50. doi: 10.1016/J.JCBS.2019.09.005.

13] Hales CM et al (2015) Prevalence of obesity among adults and youth: united states, 2015-2016 key findings data from the national health and nutrition examination survey. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/databriefs/db288_table.pdf#1. (Accessed: 29 August 2021).

14] Institute Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) (2021) GBD Compare Viz Hub Available at: https://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare/ (Accessed: 20 September 2021).

15] Kementerian Kesehatan RI (2007) Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2007.

16] Kementerian Kesehatan RI (2018) Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2018.

17] Lindberg L et al (2020) Anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with obesity: a nationwide study in Sweden. BMC Medicine 2020 18(No. 1): 1–9. doi: 10.1186/S12916-020-1498-Z.

18] Lwanga SK and Lemeshow S (1991) Sample Size Determination in Health Studies: A Practical Manual. World Health Organization.

19] Mannan M et al (2016) Prospective associations between depression and obesity for adolescent males and females - A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. PLoS ONE 11(No. 6): 1–18. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157240.

20] Mento C et al (2016) Serious suicide attempts: evidence on variables for manage and prevent this phenomenon. Community Mental Health Journal, 52(5), pp. 582–588. doi: 10.1007/s10597-015-9933-x.

21] Merlo EM et al (2018) Depression signs, teasing and low self-esteem in female obese adolescents: A clinical evaluation. Mediterranean Journal of Clinical Psychology 6(No. 1): 1–16. doi: 10.6092/2282-1619/2018.6.1819.

22] Ogden CL et al (2016) Prevalence of obesity among adults and youth: United States, 2011-2014 Significant Health Statistics: Select Reports from Federal Agencies (No. 219): 91–101.

23] Pan L et al (2018) Psychological assessment of children and adolescents with obesity. Journal of International Medical Research 46(No. 1): 89–97. doi: 10.1177/0300060517718733.

24] Peltzer K and Pengpid S (2015) Depressive symptoms and social demographic, stress and health risk behaviour among university students in 26 low-, middle- and high-income countries. 19(No. 4): 260–266. doi: 10.3109/13651501.2015.1082598.

25] Permatasari MD and Arkeman H (2018) Hubungan Antara indeks massa tubuh dengan depresi pada siswa SMK X’(260), pp. 1–10.

26] Rachmi (2017) Overweight and obesity in Indonesia: prevalence and risk factors-a literature review. Public health 147: 20–29. doi: 10.1016/J.PUHE.2017.02.002.

27] Safitri AD (2018) Hubungan antara tingkat obesitas dengan tingkat depresi pada siswa-siswi di MAN 2 Sleman Yogyakarta.

28] Sanyaolu A et al (2019) Childhood and adolescent obesity in the united states: a public health concern. Global Pediatric Health 6.doi:10.1177/2333794X19891305.

29] Singleton C et al (2019) Depression partially mediates the association between binge eating disorder and health-related quality of life. Frontiers in Psychology 10. doi: 10.3389/FPSYG.2019.00209.

30] Soares LC et al (2021) Body image dissatisfaction and symptoms of depression disorder in adolescents. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 54(No. 1): 1–7. doi: 10.1590/1414-431X202010397.

31] Sulistyorini W and Sabarisman M (2017) Depresi : Suatu tinjauan psikologis. Sosio Informa 3(No. 2): 153–164. doi: 10.33007/inf.v3i2.939.

32] Verma R Balhara YPS and Gupta CS (2011) Gender differences in stress response: Role of developmental and biological determinants. Industrial Psychiatry Journal 20(No. 1): 4. doi: 10.4103/0972-6748.98407.

33] Vittorio L et al (2020) The relationship between alexithymia, defense mechanisms, eating disorders, anxiety and depression’, Rivista di psichiatria 55(No. 1): 24–30. doi: 10.1708/3301.32715.

34] Werle D et al (2021) Incentive sensitization in binge behaviors: A mini review on electrophysiological evidence. Addictive Behaviors Reports 13. doi: 10.1016/J.ABREP.2021.100344.

35] World Health Organization (2018) Handout for Module A Introduction.

36] World Health Organization (2017) Depression. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression (Accessed: 20 September 2021).

37] World Health Organization (2016) Obesity and overweight. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight (Accessed: 20 September 2021).