TOWARD INDONESIA’S AGROINDUSTRIES COMPETITIVENESS: THE CASE OF BIOETHANOL DEVELOPMENT FROM SUGARCANE BASED INDUSTRIES

Abstract

World oil price has been fluctuating throughout the years, however the trend
continue to increase. Due to limited sources of oil production and high demand for world
oil, it is predicted in ten years from 2010, world oil price could even reach as high as triple
digit per barrel. Thus countries around the world have continuously tried to produce
alternative energy, including Indonesia. The government had been supportive in trying to
develop this industry, including roadmaps and target for alternative energy production, to
reduce the dependence on fossil fuel until the next ten years to come. The objective of this
paper is to study the bioethanol industry developed by the PTPN X. The bioethanol
industry is still at its early stage in Indonesia. Problems to develop this industry includes
finding the most potential raw materials used, availability of the industry, stage of
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competition with other uses of the raw materials until end product and marketing. From
many potential raw materials, sugarcane is one of the most potential sources of bioethanol.
PTPN X case study indicated that bioethanol can be developed along with supporting
factors such resource, technology and company size. The comparative advantage of the
PTPN X is the ability to incorporate various problems from upstream to downstream of the
supply chain of bioethanol. Methods such as the EPC, ANP, Diamond Porter Model and
case study of PTPN X are used to demonstrate the potential of sugarcane as an alternative
energy and the ability of PTPN X to develop this industry.