CHARACTERIZATION AND THE RELEASE TEST OF ANTI-AGING TRETINOIN IN NANOEMULSION USING OLIVE OIL

Abstract

People are more and more desire a youthful and
attractive appearance. Aging of the skin can be the
result of a normal process that involves a lower
rate of metabolic activities and is called
chronologic aging. Photoaging is the consequence
of chronic sun exposure and manifests clinically
with fine and coarse wrinkling, roughness, dryness,
laxity, shallowness, pigmentary mottling,
telangiectasia, and in some cases with
preneoplastic and neoplastic changes (Stefanaki et
al., 2005). Tretinoin is a compound that is able to
show an effect of prevention and treatment of
wrinkles due to photo aging, acne, and
inflammation of the skin. It is all-trans retinol is
oxidized through retinal to its most active
metabolite (Kligman et. al, 1986). The effectivity of
an active ingredient is determined among others
by the ability to reach the site of action. To reach
the site of action the active ingredients used orally
or topically must first dissolve, release then
absorbed or penetrates through the membrane
and then diffuses into the site of action. Tretinoin
practically insoluble to increase it used
nanoemulsion delivery as a vehicle. Solubility is
one of the factors of drug absorption. Higher
solubility of drug caused higher amount of drug to
absorb. Smaller droplet of emulsion caused rapid
drug release. In this study tretinoin loaded in
nanoemulsion using olive oil than it characterized
and test of tretinoin release compared with
tretinoin in emulsion. Olive oil used as oil phase in
nanoemulsion as known it widely used in cosmetic.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Research Materials
Tretinoin (PT. Cortico Mulia), olive oil , Tween 80
(Sigma Aldrich), Span 80 (Sigma Aldrich), ethanol
96 % (E-Merck), NaH2PO4 (E-Merck) and Na2HPO4
(E-Merck), aquademineralisata (PT Brataco).
Research Instruments
Stirrer plate (Dragon Lab MS-Pro), ultrasonic
(Branson 3510), shaker machine (Wine shake), pH
meter (Eutech Instruments pH 700), particle
analyzer (Delsa Nano C), Franz diffusion cell with
cellophane membranes, spectrophotometer
(Shimadzu UV-1800), Transmission Electron
Microscopy (TEM-type JOEL JEM-1400), light
microscope.