The Extrinsic Motivation of Underlying Traditional Agricultural Techniques for Coastal and Small Islands Communities in Southeast Sulawesi

Abstract

Abstract. Communities in coastal areas and small islands such as Wakatobi archipelago carry out traditional farming. Farming is rainfed system on sub-optimal land which has theoretically low productivity. Even so, farmers continue to carry out farming activities because of the motivation that extrinsically affects their farming techniques. The productivity can relatively meet their needs. This study aims to find and explain the extrinsic motivation inherent in the traditional farming techniques of coastal and small islands communities. The research was conducted from June 2019 to February 2020 with a case study location on Binongko Island, Wakatobi Regency, South east Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Data were collected through observation, interviews and literature study using the triangulation method. The research informants were determined purposively with a chain information collection system. The results showed that the extrinsic motivations underlying the community's traditional farming techniques were (1) obtaining social rights; (2) obtaining agricultural products economically, socially and ecologically; and (3) support from the government. This motivation has encouraged farmers to apply local wisdom techniques to mixed farming systems on more than one farm. These local wisdom techniques are implemented starting from land preparation and clearing, planting, maintenance, harvesting and post-harvesting