A Socio-Historical Study of Women's Rights Advocacy in Islamic Legal Construction
Abstract
This article presents evidence that the construction of Islamic law is influenced by women's voices, experiences, and problems. It also offers a critique of the misogynistic narrative of Islamic law. Adopting a socio-historical approach with a women's perspective, this research demonstrates the inadequacy of current studies that argue that Islamic law places women in an inferior and subordinate position to men. Critical analysis of the asbabun nuzul text of the Qur'an is the primary analytical tool used in this study. Polygamy, khulu', zhihar, and inheritance are the four main issues examined, and the study shows that the complaints and advocacy of women played a critical role in shaping the Islamic law system. Women's perspectives serve as a spiritual foundation in the development of Islamic law and cannot be disregarded. By considering women's perspectives, fair benefits can be realised, and a sense of justice can be achieved for vulnerable groups, such as women.
Keywords: Women’s rights, women’s perspectives, Islamic legal construction, discrimination
References
Abdullah, M Amin, Islamic Studies di Perguruan Tinggi; Pendekatan Integratif-Interkonektif (Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2006).
———, Multidisiplin, Interdisiplin, & Transdisiplin: Metode Studi Agama & Studi Islam di Era Kontemporer (Yogyakarta: IB Pustaka, 2021).
Aini, Adrika Fithrotul, “Agama Menolak Patriarkisme (Pendekataan Sosio-Teologis)” (2015) 15:1 ANALISIS: Jurnal Studi Keislaman.
Al-Hatimy, Said Abdullah Seib, Citra Sebuah Identitas Wanita Dalam Perjalanan Sejarah (Surabaya: Risalah Gusti, 1994).
Alwi, Baso Mufti, “Poligami dalam Islam” (2013) 11:1 Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Syir’ah.
Andaryani, Lilik, “Relasi Gender dalam Pembaruan Hukum Keluarga Muslim” (2014) 2:2 Jurnal Diskursus Islam.
Ar-Razi & Al-Imam Fakhr ad-Din, The Mafatih al-Ghaib (Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1995).
Ariziq, Bagas Luay, “Kedudukandan Kondisiwanita Sebelum Dan Sesudah Datangnya Agama Islam” (2022) 5:1 Jurnal Keislaman.
Armstrong, Karen, A History of God: the 4000-Year Quest of Judaism, Christianity and Islam (New York: Ballantine Books, 1993).
Arofi, Moh Fahmi, “Pemikiran Tafsir Gender Husein Muhammad Dan Implikasinya Dalam Pendidikan Islam (Studi Pustaka Buku Fiqh Perempuan)” (2020) 1:1 Journal Islamic Studies.
Ash-Shiddiqy, Muhammad Hasbi, Tafsir Al-Quran An-Nur, (Semarang: Pustaka Rizki Putra, 1995).
Asni, “Membongkar Akar Bias Gender Dalam Hukum Islam (Telaah Fiqh Perempuan Perspektif Sejarah Sosial Hukum Islam)” (2016) 9:1 Jurnal Al-Maiyyah.
Aswiyanto, “Women, Reconciliation Right and Gender Justice in Islam Family Law” (2019) 16:2 Jurnal Penelitian.
Ath-Thabari, Abu Ja’far Muhammad bin Jarir & Jami’ Al- Bayan an Ta‟wil Ayi, Al-Qur’an, translated by Abdul Somad & Yusuf Hamdani (Jakarta: Pustaka Azzam, 2008).
Aziz, Abdul, Iddah Bagi Suami dalam Fiqih Islam: Analisis Gender (Skripsi, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, 2010) [unpublished].
Bagdadi, ‘Ala’uddin Ali bin Muhammad bin Ibrahim al-, Tafsir al-Khazin al-Musammas Lubab at-Ta’wil fii Maani at-Tanziil, Jilid I (Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah, 2004).
Djawas, Abdullah A, Dilema Wanita Karir Menuju Keluarga Sakinah (Yogyakarta: Ababil, 1996).
Engineer, Asghar Ali, Hak-hak Perempuan dalam Islam (Yogyakarta: LSPPA, 2000).
Feillard, Andrée, “The Veil and Polygamy: Current Debates on Women and Islam in Indonesia” (1999) 99 Moussons Rech En Sci Hum Sur L’Asie Sud-Est 5–27.
Fiorenza, Elizabeth S, Untuk Mengenang Perempuan Itu: Rekonstruksi Teologis Feminis tentang Asal Usul Kekristenan, translated by Stephen Suleeman (Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 1997).
Fitriani, Perspektif Gender Kaitannya Tentang Istri Nusyuz Menurut Hukum Islam (Skripsi, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Bone, 2020) [unpublished].
Fitriyani, “Aspek-aspek Pembaruan Hukum Islam dalam Hukum Keluarga di Indonesia” (2019) 11:2 Tasamuh: Jurnal Studi Islam.
Guessous, Nouzha, “Women’s rights in Muslim societies: Lessons from the Moroccan experience” (2012) 38:4–5 Philos Soc Crit 525–533.
Hamka, Tafsir Al-Azhar (Jakarta: Pustaka Nasional, 1987).
Hasyim, Syafiq, “Gender the problem of patriarchy and maslaha in Indonesian Islam: from fiqh al-abawi to fiqh al-nisa” (2012) J Peremp, online:.
Hariyanto, “Dehumanisasi Terhadap Perempuan Dalam Praksis Poligami: Dialektika antara Normativitas dan Historisitas” (2015) 8:1 PALASTREN.
Hidayat, Asep Syarifuddin, “Pengaruh Wacana Gender Dalam Pembangunan Hukum Keluarga Di Indonesia” (2013) 1:1 Jurnal Cita Hukum.
Imtihanah, Anis Hidayatul, “Hukum Keluarga Islam Ramah Gender: Elaborasi Hukum Keluarga Islam Dengan Konsep Mubadalah” (2020) 14:2 Kodifikasia : Jurnal Penelitian Islam.
Khanif, Al, “Women, Islam, and modern family construction in the perspectives of legal pluralism in Indonesia” (2019) 4:2 PETITA J Kaji Ilmu Huk Dan Syariah 141–151.
Khawarizmi, Az-Zamakhsari al- & Abu al-Qasim Jarullah Mahmud bin Umar, The al-Kasysyaf ’an Haqaiq at-Tanzil wa ’Uyun al-Aqawil fi Wujuh at-Tauhid (Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1997).
Khin, Mushthafa al-, Al-Fiqh Al-Manhaji (Damaskus: Darul-Qalam, 2011).
Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) Nomor 46/PUU-III/2010, 2010.
Magdalena, R, “Kedudukan Perempuan Dalam Perjalanan Sejarah (Studi Tentang Kedudukan Perempuan dalam Masyarakat Islam)” (2017) 11:1 Harkat an-Nisa: Jurnal Studi Gender dan Anak.
Muhammad, Husein, Islam Agama Ramah Perempuan (Yogyakarta: IRCiSoD, 2021).
Mukhtar, Naqiyah, “Reinterpretasi Derajat Laki-Laki Lebih Tinggi Atas Perempuan Dalam Surat Al-Baqarah/2: 228” (2015) 4:2 Yin Yang.
Muñoz, Gema Martín, Patriarchy and Islam (Semantic Scholar, 2006).
Qodir, Faqihuddin Abdul, Qira’ah Mubadalah (Yogyakarta: IRCiSoD, 2019).
Rahmatullah, Nursalam, “Marginalisasi Perempuan Dalam Perkawinan (Telaah Atas Nikah Sirri Dan Nikah Anak Di Bawa Usia Perspektif Hukum Islam)” (2021) 2:2 Familia: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga.
Rosnaeni, “Pandangan Asghar Ali Engineer Tentang Kesetaraan Gender” (2021) 3:2 Tadarus Tarbawy.
Setiawan, Iwan et al, “Kajian Teologis Terhadap Status Perempuan Dalam Perjanjian Baru” (2021) 10:2 Missio Ecclesiae.
Shah, Niaz a, “The Position of Women in Pre- and Post-Islamic Arabia” in Women, the Koran and International Human Rights Law The Experience of Pakistan Studies in Religion, Secular Beliefs and Human Rights (Leiden: BRILL, 2006).
Shihab, M Quraish, Tafsir al-Misbah: Pesan, Kesan dan Keserasian al-Qur’an (Jakarta: Lentera Hati, 2002).
Siradjudin, Azmi & Ibnu Akbar Maliki, “Zhihar Contextualization in Indonesia: an Anthropo-Linguistic Study” (2022) 19:2 Jurnal al-’Adalah.
Thabarî, Ibn Jarîr al-, Jâmi` al-Bayan fi Ta’wil al-Qur’an, Jilid III (Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-`Ilmîyah, 1999).
Wadud, Amina, Qur’an and Woman: Refreading the Sacred Text from a Woman’s Perspective (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999).
Welzel, Christian & Amy Alexander, “Islam and Patriarchy: How Robust is Muslim Support for Patriarchal Values?” (2011) 21:2 International Review of Sociology-Revue Internationale de Sociologie.
Zuhaili, Wahbah, Tafsir al-Munir, Jilid 4 (Damaskus: Dar al-Fikr, 2009).
———, Multidisiplin, Interdisiplin, & Transdisiplin: Metode Studi Agama & Studi Islam di Era Kontemporer (Yogyakarta: IB Pustaka, 2021).
Aini, Adrika Fithrotul, “Agama Menolak Patriarkisme (Pendekataan Sosio-Teologis)” (2015) 15:1 ANALISIS: Jurnal Studi Keislaman.
Al-Hatimy, Said Abdullah Seib, Citra Sebuah Identitas Wanita Dalam Perjalanan Sejarah (Surabaya: Risalah Gusti, 1994).
Alwi, Baso Mufti, “Poligami dalam Islam” (2013) 11:1 Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Syir’ah.
Andaryani, Lilik, “Relasi Gender dalam Pembaruan Hukum Keluarga Muslim” (2014) 2:2 Jurnal Diskursus Islam.
Ar-Razi & Al-Imam Fakhr ad-Din, The Mafatih al-Ghaib (Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1995).
Ariziq, Bagas Luay, “Kedudukandan Kondisiwanita Sebelum Dan Sesudah Datangnya Agama Islam” (2022) 5:1 Jurnal Keislaman.
Armstrong, Karen, A History of God: the 4000-Year Quest of Judaism, Christianity and Islam (New York: Ballantine Books, 1993).
Arofi, Moh Fahmi, “Pemikiran Tafsir Gender Husein Muhammad Dan Implikasinya Dalam Pendidikan Islam (Studi Pustaka Buku Fiqh Perempuan)” (2020) 1:1 Journal Islamic Studies.
Ash-Shiddiqy, Muhammad Hasbi, Tafsir Al-Quran An-Nur, (Semarang: Pustaka Rizki Putra, 1995).
Asni, “Membongkar Akar Bias Gender Dalam Hukum Islam (Telaah Fiqh Perempuan Perspektif Sejarah Sosial Hukum Islam)” (2016) 9:1 Jurnal Al-Maiyyah.
Aswiyanto, “Women, Reconciliation Right and Gender Justice in Islam Family Law” (2019) 16:2 Jurnal Penelitian.
Ath-Thabari, Abu Ja’far Muhammad bin Jarir & Jami’ Al- Bayan an Ta‟wil Ayi, Al-Qur’an, translated by Abdul Somad & Yusuf Hamdani (Jakarta: Pustaka Azzam, 2008).
Aziz, Abdul, Iddah Bagi Suami dalam Fiqih Islam: Analisis Gender (Skripsi, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, 2010) [unpublished].
Bagdadi, ‘Ala’uddin Ali bin Muhammad bin Ibrahim al-, Tafsir al-Khazin al-Musammas Lubab at-Ta’wil fii Maani at-Tanziil, Jilid I (Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah, 2004).
Djawas, Abdullah A, Dilema Wanita Karir Menuju Keluarga Sakinah (Yogyakarta: Ababil, 1996).
Engineer, Asghar Ali, Hak-hak Perempuan dalam Islam (Yogyakarta: LSPPA, 2000).
Feillard, Andrée, “The Veil and Polygamy: Current Debates on Women and Islam in Indonesia” (1999) 99 Moussons Rech En Sci Hum Sur L’Asie Sud-Est 5–27.
Fiorenza, Elizabeth S, Untuk Mengenang Perempuan Itu: Rekonstruksi Teologis Feminis tentang Asal Usul Kekristenan, translated by Stephen Suleeman (Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia, 1997).
Fitriani, Perspektif Gender Kaitannya Tentang Istri Nusyuz Menurut Hukum Islam (Skripsi, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Bone, 2020) [unpublished].
Fitriyani, “Aspek-aspek Pembaruan Hukum Islam dalam Hukum Keluarga di Indonesia” (2019) 11:2 Tasamuh: Jurnal Studi Islam.
Guessous, Nouzha, “Women’s rights in Muslim societies: Lessons from the Moroccan experience” (2012) 38:4–5 Philos Soc Crit 525–533.
Hamka, Tafsir Al-Azhar (Jakarta: Pustaka Nasional, 1987).
Hasyim, Syafiq, “Gender the problem of patriarchy and maslaha in Indonesian Islam: from fiqh al-abawi to fiqh al-nisa” (2012) J Peremp, online:
Hariyanto, “Dehumanisasi Terhadap Perempuan Dalam Praksis Poligami: Dialektika antara Normativitas dan Historisitas” (2015) 8:1 PALASTREN.
Hidayat, Asep Syarifuddin, “Pengaruh Wacana Gender Dalam Pembangunan Hukum Keluarga Di Indonesia” (2013) 1:1 Jurnal Cita Hukum.
Imtihanah, Anis Hidayatul, “Hukum Keluarga Islam Ramah Gender: Elaborasi Hukum Keluarga Islam Dengan Konsep Mubadalah” (2020) 14:2 Kodifikasia : Jurnal Penelitian Islam.
Khanif, Al, “Women, Islam, and modern family construction in the perspectives of legal pluralism in Indonesia” (2019) 4:2 PETITA J Kaji Ilmu Huk Dan Syariah 141–151.
Khawarizmi, Az-Zamakhsari al- & Abu al-Qasim Jarullah Mahmud bin Umar, The al-Kasysyaf ’an Haqaiq at-Tanzil wa ’Uyun al-Aqawil fi Wujuh at-Tauhid (Beirut: Dar al-Fikr, 1997).
Khin, Mushthafa al-, Al-Fiqh Al-Manhaji (Damaskus: Darul-Qalam, 2011).
Mahkamah Konstitusi (MK) Nomor 46/PUU-III/2010, 2010.
Magdalena, R, “Kedudukan Perempuan Dalam Perjalanan Sejarah (Studi Tentang Kedudukan Perempuan dalam Masyarakat Islam)” (2017) 11:1 Harkat an-Nisa: Jurnal Studi Gender dan Anak.
Muhammad, Husein, Islam Agama Ramah Perempuan (Yogyakarta: IRCiSoD, 2021).
Mukhtar, Naqiyah, “Reinterpretasi Derajat Laki-Laki Lebih Tinggi Atas Perempuan Dalam Surat Al-Baqarah/2: 228” (2015) 4:2 Yin Yang.
Muñoz, Gema Martín, Patriarchy and Islam (Semantic Scholar, 2006).
Qodir, Faqihuddin Abdul, Qira’ah Mubadalah (Yogyakarta: IRCiSoD, 2019).
Rahmatullah, Nursalam, “Marginalisasi Perempuan Dalam Perkawinan (Telaah Atas Nikah Sirri Dan Nikah Anak Di Bawa Usia Perspektif Hukum Islam)” (2021) 2:2 Familia: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga.
Rosnaeni, “Pandangan Asghar Ali Engineer Tentang Kesetaraan Gender” (2021) 3:2 Tadarus Tarbawy.
Setiawan, Iwan et al, “Kajian Teologis Terhadap Status Perempuan Dalam Perjanjian Baru” (2021) 10:2 Missio Ecclesiae.
Shah, Niaz a, “The Position of Women in Pre- and Post-Islamic Arabia” in Women, the Koran and International Human Rights Law The Experience of Pakistan Studies in Religion, Secular Beliefs and Human Rights (Leiden: BRILL, 2006).
Shihab, M Quraish, Tafsir al-Misbah: Pesan, Kesan dan Keserasian al-Qur’an (Jakarta: Lentera Hati, 2002).
Siradjudin, Azmi & Ibnu Akbar Maliki, “Zhihar Contextualization in Indonesia: an Anthropo-Linguistic Study” (2022) 19:2 Jurnal al-’Adalah.
Thabarî, Ibn Jarîr al-, Jâmi` al-Bayan fi Ta’wil al-Qur’an, Jilid III (Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-`Ilmîyah, 1999).
Wadud, Amina, Qur’an and Woman: Refreading the Sacred Text from a Woman’s Perspective (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999).
Welzel, Christian & Amy Alexander, “Islam and Patriarchy: How Robust is Muslim Support for Patriarchal Values?” (2011) 21:2 International Review of Sociology-Revue Internationale de Sociologie.
Zuhaili, Wahbah, Tafsir al-Munir, Jilid 4 (Damaskus: Dar al-Fikr, 2009).
Published
2023-06-20
How to Cite
MA'MUN, Sukron; MALIKI, Ibnu Akbar.
A Socio-Historical Study of Women's Rights Advocacy in Islamic Legal Construction.
Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights, [S.l.], v. 7, n. 1, p. 1-20, june 2023.
ISSN 2599-2147.
Available at: <https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/JSEAHR/article/view/39156>. Date accessed: 22 dec. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v7i1.39156.
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
