The Age of Extreme
The COVID-19 and Human Rights Crises
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caught the entire world off guard; presenting policy-makers with various thorny issues to address. This article probes the intersection of the COVID-19 pandemic and human rights. We argue that, on the one hand, there is a growing concern about excessive and disproportionate restrictions on human rights under the guise of ‘emergency powers’. On the other, the fact that rights are not taken seriously renders every effort to ward off the infectious disease faltering. Hence, we suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic should serve as a wake-up call for countries to step up their rights commitments. Despite the exceptional nature of the pandemic, human rights must remain at the heart of the States’ legal and policy choices.
References
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Loughlin, Martin, “The contemporary crisis of constitutional democracy” (2019) 39:2 Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 435–454.
McNamara, Courtney L et al, “The socioeconomic distribution of non-communicable diseases in Europe: findings from the European Social Survey (2014) special module on the social determinants of health” (2017) 27:1 European Journal of Public Health 22–26.
McVeigh, Karen, “Rich countries leaving rest of the world behind on Covid vaccines, warns Gates Foundation”, The Guardian (10 December 2020).
Mehrotra, Kartikay, “Dark Web Has Become a Marketplace for ‘Vaccines’ and Other Pandemic Scams”, Bloomberg (11 November 2020).
Menezes, Naveen, “Government publishes details of 19,240 home-quarantined people in India to keep a check”, Bangalore Mirror (25 March 2020).
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Muller, Amrei, “Limitations to and derogations from economic, social and cultural rights” (2009) 9:4 Human Rights Law Review 557–601.
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Nabben, Kelsie, Trustless Approaches to Digital Infrastructure in the Crisis of COVID-19: Australia’s Newest COVID App, Home-Grown Surveillance Technologies and What to Do About It (Rochester, NY, 2020).
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Neuman, Gerald L, “Constrained Derogation in Positive Human Rights Regime, in (ed)” in Evan J Criddle, ed, Human Rights in Emergencies (Cambridge University Press, 2016) 15.
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Newburger, Emma & Amelia Lucas, “Plastic waste surges as coronavirus prompts restaurants to use more disposable packaging”, CNBC (28 June 2020).
Nguyen, Duc Tien & An Thanh T Chu, “Weathering the Storm: Viet Nam’s legal and policy measures in the time of COVID-19” (2020) 6 Public Administration Issues 7–32.
Nguyen, Duc Tien, “Authorized to Depart from the Law’: The Curious Case of Viet Nam in Times of COVID-19” (2021) Statute Law Review 1–9.
OHCHR, “COVID-19: ‘Not an excuse’ to roll back environmental protection and enforcement”, UN rights expert says (15 April 2020).
Paquette, Mitchell & Ariela Levy, “How OSINT helps us hold governments to account during the COVID-19 pandemic”, (1 May 2020), online: Amnesty International Citizen Evidence Lab.
Parashar, Neha & Subrata Hait, “Plastics in the time of COVID-19 pandemic: Protector or polluter?” (2021) 759 The Science of the Total Environment.
Patrício Silva, Ana L et al, “Increased plastic pollution due to COVID-19 pandemic: Challenges and recommendations” (2021) 405 Chem Eng J 126683.
Pils, Eva, “China’s Response to the Coronavirus Pandemic: Fighting Two Enemies”, (25 May 2020), online: Verfassungsblog.
Pozzer, Andrea et al, “Regional and global contributions of air pollution to risk of death from COVID-19” (2020) 116:14 Cardiovascular Research 2247–2253.
Pugh, Jonathan, “The United Kingdom’s Coronavirus Act, Deprivations of Liberty, and The Right to Liberty and Security of the Person” (2020) International Journal of Biosciences and the Law.
Riedel, Eibe, Gilles Giacca & Christophe Golay, Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights in International Law: Contemporary Issues and Challenges (Oxford University Press, 2014).
Rough, Peter, “How China Is Exploiting the Coronavirus to Weaken Democracies”, Foreign Policy (25 March 2020).
Ruggiu, Daniele, Human Rights and Emerging Technologies – Analysis and Perspectives in Europe (Pan Stanford Publishing, 2018).
Scheinin, Martin, “The COVID-19 Emergency in Finland: Best Practice and Problems”, (16 April 2020), online: Verfassungsblog.
Schmidt, Harald, “The Way We Ration Ventilators Is Biased”, The New York Times (15 April 2020).
Scotford, Eloise AK, “Rethinking Clean Air: Air Quality Law and COVID-19” (2020) 32:3 Journal of Environmental Law 349–353.
Sebag, Gaspard & Hugo Miller, “Virus Curfew in French Town Blocked in First Rebuke of Lockdowns”, Bloomberg (8 April 2020).
Selanec, Nika Bačić, “Croatia’s Response to COVID-19: On Legal Form and Constitutional Safeguards in Times of Pandemic”, (9 May 2020), online: Verfassungsblog.
Shammas, Brittany et al, “Record numbers of covid-19 patients push hospitals and staffs to the limit”, The Washington Post (17 December 2020).
Sharma, Anshu, “COVID-19 environmental roll back ‘irrational and irresponsible’: rights expert”, UN News (15 April 2020).
Sousa, Fabiula de, “Pros and Cons of Plastic during the COVID-19 Pandemic” (2020) 5:4 Recycling 27.
Special Rapporteur on the right to health, Report on corruption and the right to health, by Special Rapporteur on the right to health, A/72/137 (2017).
Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Cambodia, Cambodia’s state of emergency law endangers human rights, warns UN expert, by Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Cambodia (OHCHR, 2020).
The Associated Press, “Egypt Arrests Doctors, Silences critics over virus outbreak”, (6 July 2020).
The Siracusa Principles on the Limitation and Derogation Provisions in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, E/CN4/1985/4 1984.
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948, 1948.
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Published
2022-06-30
How to Cite
NGUYEN, Tien-Duc; TRAN, Thu-Thuy Thi.
The Age of Extreme.
Journal of Southeast Asian Human Rights, [S.l.], v. 6, n. 1, p. 72-100, june 2022.
ISSN 2599-2147.
Available at: <https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/JSEAHR/article/view/27333>. Date accessed: 21 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.19184/jseahr.v6i1.27333.
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
