Mekanisme Pengangkatan dan Pemberhentian Hakim Konstitusi menurut Peraturan Perundang-undangan

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memahami proses pengangkatan hakim konstitusi yang dilakukan oleh tiga Lembaga penyelenggara kekuasaan negara yaitu Presiden, Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat dan Mahkamah Agung, dimana ketiga lembaga tersebut diberikan kewenangan menentukan mekanisme proses pemilihan calon hakim dari lembaganya masing-masing. Hal ini tentunya sangat berpengaruh untuk menentukan kandidat calon hakim yang benar-benar memenuhi syarat sebagai hakim konstitusi dan memiliki kompetensi dibidangnya. Selain itu akan diteliti juga terkait mekanisme pemberhentian hakim konstitusi, tentang hal apa yang menyebabkan seorang hakim konstitusi dapat di berhentikan dari jabatanya. Guna menjawab permasalahan tersebut dilakukan penelitian yuridis normatif dengan mengkaji bahan berupa buku, peraturan perundang-undangan, jurnal, serta sumber-sumber bahan lainnya. Kemudian disusun secara sistematis untuk selanjutnya dilakukan analisis supaya tecapai kejelasan yang akan di bahas. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa dasar pengangkatan dan pemberhentian hakim konstitusi dilakukan berdasarkan Konstitusi dan Undang-Undang Mahkamah Konstitusi, namun bila melihat Undang-Undang Mahkamah Konstitusi terdapat frasa seorang hakim konstitusi dapat di berhentikan apabila tidak lagi memenuhi syarat sebagai hakim konstitusi. Ketentuan ini memiliki makna yang kurang jelas dan juga tidak ada penjelasan terkait hal tersebut, sehingga perlu dilakukan pengaturan tentang kesamaan mekanisme di tiga lembaga dalam proses rekrutmen calon hakim konstitusi demi kepastian dan kejelasan di dalam proses rekrutmen calon hakim konstitusi.
Kata Kunci: Pengangkatan Hakim; Pemberhentian Hakim; Mahkamah Konstitusi.

This study aims to find out and understand the process of appointing constitutional judges which is carried out by three institutions that administer state power, namely the President, the People's Representative Council and the Supreme Court, where the three institutions are given the authority to determine the mechanism for the process of selecting candidate judges from their respective institutions. This is of course very influential in determining candidate judges who truly fulfill the requirements as constitutional judges and have competence in their field. In addition, it will also examine the mechanism for dismissing constitutional judges, regarding what causes a constitutional judge to be dismissed from his position. In order to answer these problems, normative juridical research was carried out by examining materials in the form of books, laws and regulations, journals, and other sources of material. Then it is arranged systematically for further analysis to be carried out so that clarity is achieved which will be discussed. So it can be concluded that the basis for the appointment and dismissal of constitutional judges is carried out based on the Constitution and the Constitutional Court Law, but if you look at the Constitutional Court Law there is a phrase that a constitutional judge can be terminated if he no longer fulfills requirements as a constitutional judge. This provision has an unclear meaning and there is also no explanation regarding this matter, so it is necessary to make arrangements regarding the similarity of mechanisms in the three institutions in the recruitment process for prospective constitutional judges for the sake of certainty and clarity in the recruitment process for prospective constitutional judges.
Keywords: Appointment of Judges; Dismissal of Judges; Constitutional Court.