Peningkatan Rendemen Nata de Pina dengan Perlakuan Konsentrasi Starter dan Asam Asetat dari Kulit Nanas Varietas Tangkit

Abstract

Pineapple plantation area in Tangkit Baru Village of Jambi Province is 1,200 ha with 10,101 tons/year of production and the pineapple peel waste is estimated at 2,727 tons/year. That pineapple peel can be used as a medium for nata de pina production. The study was to obtain the optimum natural starter and yield of nata de pina from pineapple peel of Tangkit variety. Completely randomized design (CRD) study of various carbon source (2, 2.5, 3, 3.5, 4%) and nitrogen source (0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5%) with treatment variation of starter concentration (5; 10; 15; 20; 25%), and varous acetic acid (0, 0,75%). This study produced five types of ready-to-use natural starters namely starter de tangkit 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The population of bacteria for starter de tangkit 1–5 around 7.0×10⁶ until 1.6×10⁸ CFU/mL and reference starter (Hanum merk) of 7.6×10⁷ CFU/mL. The starter de tangkit 1 was chosen because it produces the optimum yield value and could be used in coconut media. At a starter concentration of 10%, the treatment with 0.75% acetic acid, 2.50% sugar, and 0.5% sprout extract produced the highest yield of 57.52%, while without acetic acid only 19.36% (the highest yield was only 30,76%). Linear equation to optimum produce of nata de pina yield: Y = 55.4148–1.24 X1+0.6392 X2 (Y yield, X1 sugar, X2 sprout extract). The variation of 25% starter concentration showed an increase in yield value to 66%. Data analysis using two-way ANOVA showed carbon and nitrogen sources did not have a significant effect on nata de pina yield. The moisture content, fiber, and organoleptic were not significantly different from reference nata de coco (SNI 01-4317-1996), but not in the color. Nata de pina had brown color because made from the extracts pineapple peel of the Tangkit variety.

Keywords: acetic acid, nata de pina, pineapple peel, starter de tangkit