%A Hakiki, Muhammad Natsir %A Hidayat, Muslikhin %A Sutijan, Sutijan %D 2017 %T SIMULASI PENGARUH STEAM-TO-CARBON RATIO DAN TUBE OUTLET TEMPERATURE TERHADAP REAKSI STEAM REFORMING PADA PRIMARY REFORMER DI PABRIK AMONIAK %K %X Steam reforming, the reaction in Ammonia plant between natural gas and H 2 O becoming H 2 and CO/CO 2 , is occurred in Primary Reformer and being completed in Secondary Reformer. In Primary Reformer, the reaction commonly occurred at 450-800 o C and 36 bars. The endothermic reaction occurred in Ni-based catalyst inside the tube. The heat for this reaction came from the heat of reaction of combustion in the furnace (outer-tube). The flow of H 2 will increase along with the increasing flow of the feed gas and the heat transferred from outer-tube to inner-tube. In the other side, there will be energy increasing. So there’s a need of optimization. The need of energy influenced by many parameters e.g. Steam-to-Carbon Ratio (S/C) and Tube Outlet Temperature (T out ) of Primary Reformer. Commonly S/C is 3.20 and maximum T out is 800 o C. That’s why; optimization was conducted by energy calculation at various S/C and T out . Firstly, reaction and heat transfer in inner-tube and outer-tube were modeled, so we can get the data of temperature and gas composition outlet inner-tube. Then, energy consumption which came from process gas, fuel gas and steam generation was calculated. The range of S/C 2.70-3.70 and T out 700 o C-800 o C were chosen for the simulation. The simulation result shown that the need of energy per kmol -H 2 outlet Primary Reformer at S/C 3.20 and T out 800 o C was 573.11 MJ/ kmol -H 2 . The need of energy per kmol -H 2 outlet Primary Reformer at S/C 3.50 and T out 780 o C (20 o C below common T out ) was 573.01 MJ/ kmol -H 2 . It means that decreasing T out (for tube lifetime increasing) must be compensated with increasing S/C. Keywords: Primary Reformer, Steam to Carbon Ratio, Tube Outlet Temperature %U https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/RTR/article/view/6393 %J ROTOR %0 Journal Article %R 10.19184/rotor.v10i2.6393 %P 58-63%V 10 %N 2 %@ 2460-0385 %8 2017-11-01