Quality of Life of Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients And Related Factors in The Coastal Area of Kendari City
Abstract
Uncontrolled type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) leads to serious complications that significantly impact patients' quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between random blood sugar (RBS) levels, Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels, blood pressure, stress levels, and family support with the quality of life of patients with uncontrolled type 2 DM in the coastal area of the Nambo Health Center. The quantitative cross-sectional study was used included 41 respondents from a population of 46 uncontrolled type 2 DM patients, selected using simple random sampling. Data was collected between April and June 2024. RBS levels were assessed using a glucometer, stress levels were measured with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), quality of life was evaluated using the Diabetes Quality of Life (DQOL) questionnaire, and family support was assessed using the Hensarling Diabetes Family Support Scale (HDFSS). Data analysis included univariate, bivariate (chi-square test), and multivariate (logistic regression) analyses. The result revealed significant relationships between RBS levels (p=0.024), LDL cholesterol levels (p=0.001), blood pressure (p=0.0001), stress levels (p=0.006), and family support (p=0.008) with the quality of life of DM patients. Multivariate analysis identified LDL cholesterol, blood pressure, and stress as significant predictors of quality of life in type 2 DM patients, while family support did not significantly predict quality of life (p=0.659). These findings highlight the importance of managing factors such as glycemic control, LDL cholesterol levels, blood pressure, and stress levels in improving the quality of life for type 2 DM patients. Intensive and continuous health education programs are crucial to improve patients' knowledge of DM management, especially in coastal areas. Healthcare providers should implement a multidisciplinary approach that includes psychosocial and medical support to enhance the quality of life of uncontrolled type 2 DM patients.References
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Shah, B.M., Mezzio, D.J., Ho, J., Ip, E.J., 2015. Association of ABC (HbA1c, blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol) goal attainment with depression and health-related quality of life among adults with type 2 diabetes. J. Diabetes Complications 29, 794–800. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.04.009
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Sitorus, N., Suriani, O., Suryaputri, I.Y., Purba, F.D., Hanafi, A.S., 2022. Association between Blood Pressure and Quality of Life of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 in the Bogor City Indonesia. Open Access Maced. J. Med. Sci. 10, 136–140. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.8172
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Adamu, K., Feleke, A., Muche, A., Yasin, T., Mekonen, A.M., Chane, M.G., Eshete, S., Mohammed, A., Endawkie, A., Fentaw, Z., 2022. Health related quality of life among adult hypertensive patients on treatment in Dessie City, Northeast Ethiopia. PLoS One 17, 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0268150
Alaofè H, Amoussa W, Djrolo F, Ehiri J, Rosales C, 2022. Factors Associated with Quality of Life in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes of South Benin: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health [revista en Internet] 2022 [acceso 2 de abril de 2022]; 19(4): 1-13. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 19.
Bujang, M.A., Adnan, T.H., Mohd Hatta, N.K.B., Ismail, M., Lim, C.J., 2018. A Revised Version of Diabetes Quality of Life Instrument Maintaining Domains for Satisfaction, Impact, and Worry. J. Diabetes Res. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/5804687
Cai, T., Verze, P., Bjerklund Johansen, T.E., 2021. The Quality of Life Definition: Where Are We Going? Uro 1, 14–22. https://doi.org/10.3390/uro1010003
Cherif, F., Zouari, H.G., Cherif, W., Hadded, M., Cheour, M., Damak, R., 2020. Depression Prevalence in Neuropathic Pain and Its Impact on the Quality of Life. Pain Res. Manag. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/7408508
Duarte, R. V., Andronis, L., Lenders, M.W.P.M., de Vos, C.C., 2016. Quality of life increases in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy following treatment with spinal cord stimulation. Qual. Life Res. 25, 1771–1777. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11136-015-1211-4
Girach, A., Julian, T.H., Varrassi, G., Paladini, A., Vadalouka, A., Zis, P., 2019. Quality of life in painful peripheral neuropathies: A systematic review. Pain Res. Manag. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/2091960
Gómez-Pimienta, E., González-Castro, T.B., Fresan, A., Juárez-Rojop, I.E., Martínez-López, M.C., Barjau-Madrigal, H.A., Ramírez-González, I.R., Martínez-Villaseñor, E., Rodríguez-Sánchez, E., Villar-Soto, M., López-Narváez, M.L., Tovilla-Zárate, C.A., Genis-Mendoza, A.D., 2019. Decreased quality of life in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with emotional distress. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16152652
Hakim, M.A., Aristawati, N.V., 2023. Mengukur depresi, kecemasan, dan stres pada kelompok dewasa awal di Indonesia: Uji validitas dan reliabilitas konstruk DASS-21. J. Psikol. Ulayat 10, 232–250. https://doi.org/10.24854/jpu553
Hefner, J.L., Wexler, R., McAlearney, A.S., 2015. Primary Care Access Barriers as Reported by Nonurgent Emergency Department Users: Implications for the US Primary Care Infrastructure. Am. J. Med. Qual. 30, 135–140. https://doi.org/10.1177/1062860614521278
Hensarling, J., 2009. Development and Psychometric Testing of Hensarling’s Diabetes Family Support Scale. Dissertation.
Juanamasta, I.G., Aungsuroch, Y., Gunawan, J., Suniyadewi, N.W., Wati, N.M.N., 2021. Holistic Care Management of Diabetes Mellitus: An Integrative Review. Int. J. Prev. Med. 8. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpvm.IJPVM
Kanera, I.M., van Laake-Geelen, C.C.M., Ruijgrok, J.M., Goossens, M.E.J.B., de Jong, J.R., Verbunt, J.A., Geerts, M., Smeets, R.J.E.M., Kindermans, H.P.J., 2019. Living with painful diabetic neuropathy: insights from focus groups into fears and coping strategies. Psychol. Heal. 34, 84–105. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2018.1518526
Kementerian kesehatan, 2018. Laporan Nasional Riskesdas 2018, Kementerian Kesehatan RI.
Kioskli, K., Scott, W., Winkley, K., Kylakos, S., McCracken, L.M., 2019. Psychosocial Factors in Painful Diabetic Neuropathy: A Systematic Review of Treatment Trials and Survey Studies. Pain Med. (United States) 20, 1756–1773. https://doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnz071
Knudsen, L., Scheuer, S.H., Diaz, L.J., Jackson, C.A., Wild, S.H., Benros, M.E., Hansen, D.L., Jørgensen, M.E., Andersen, G.S., 2023. Indicators of quality of diabetes care in persons with type 2 diabetes with and without severe mental illness: a Danish nationwide register-based cohort study. Lancet Reg. Heal. - Eur. 26, 100565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100565
Luthfa, I., Aspihan, M., Lathif, M.R., 2019. The Relationship Between Family Support and Quality of Life Improvement of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Semarang. J. Ners 14, 327–330. https://doi.org/10.20473/jn.v14i3.17175
Nanjundeswaraswamy, T.S., Divakar, S., 2021. Determination of Sample Size and Sampling Methods in Applied Research. Proc. Eng. Sci. 3, 25–32. https://doi.org/10.24874/pes03.01.003
Ottay, R.I., Sumampouw, O.J., Nelwan, J.E., 2015. Coastal Area Public Health Problem ( A Case Study in the City of Manado North Sulawesi Indonesia ). Food Publich Heal. 5, 29–37. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.fph.20150502.01
Pamungkas, R.A., Chamroonsawasdi, K., 2020. Self-management based coaching program to improve diabetes mellitus self-management practice and metabolic markers among uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indonesia: A quasi-experimental study. Diabetes Metab. Syndr. Clin. Res. Rev. 14, 53–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2019.12.002
Saltar, L., Sahar, J., Rekawati, E., 2023. Self-Care Behavior of Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Symptoms of Peripheral Neuropathy during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study. Int. J. Curr. Sci. Res. Rev. 06, 1191–1200. https://doi.org/10.47191/ijcsrr/v6-i2-36
Setyoadi, Yusuf, A., Kristianingrum, N.D., Hayati, Y.S., Noviyanti, L.W., Syafiky, N.F., 2023. The correlation between family support and health status in patients with diabetes mellitus. Healthc. Low-Resource Settings 11, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.4081/hls.2023.11212
Shah, B.M., Mezzio, D.J., Ho, J., Ip, E.J., 2015. Association of ABC (HbA1c, blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol) goal attainment with depression and health-related quality of life among adults with type 2 diabetes. J. Diabetes Complications 29, 794–800. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.04.009
Shepardson, R.L., Tapio, J., Funderburk, J.S., 2018. Self-Management Strategies for Stress and Anxiety Used by Nontreatment Seeking Veteran Primary Care Patients 182, 1747–1754. https://doi.org/10.7205/MILMED-D-16-00378
Sitorus, N., Suriani, O., Suryaputri, I.Y., Purba, F.D., Hanafi, A.S., 2022. Association between Blood Pressure and Quality of Life of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 in the Bogor City Indonesia. Open Access Maced. J. Med. Sci. 10, 136–140. https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.8172
Tarkar, D.P., 2021. Perceived Social Support and Life Satisfaction: A Mediating Role of Quality of Life. Turkish J. Comput. Math. Educ. 12, 1839–1845. https://doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i5.2199
Wratsangka, R., Herwana, E., Yenny, Y., Xavierees, E., Krishna, A., 2021. High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol as a Risk Factor of Health-Related Quality of Life in 50–70-Year-Old Community-Dwelling Women. Maced. J. Med. Sci. 9, 1092–1096. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7466
Yamin, A., Sari, C.W.M., 2018. Relationship of Family Support Towards Self-Management and Quality of Life of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J. Keperawatan Padjadjaran 6, 175–182. https://doi.org/10.24198/jkp.v6i2.673
Yuliastuti, C., Arini, D., Sari, M.P.E., 2019. The Control of Diabetes Mellitus in Coastal Communities in Surabaya Region. J. Kesehat. Masy. 15, 69–80. https://doi.org/10.15294/kemas.v15i1.16995
Zuhara, I., Muflikhati, I., Krisnatuti, D., 2017. Stressor, Social Support, Coping Strategy, Stress, and Life Satisfaction of Married Woman Student. J. Fam. Sci. 2, 1. https://doi.org/10.29244/jfs.2.1.1-14
Published
2024-11-20
How to Cite
SALTAR, Laode et al.
Quality of Life of Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients And Related Factors in The Coastal Area of Kendari City.
NurseLine Journal, [S.l.], v. 9, n. 2, p. 90-98, nov. 2024.
ISSN 2541-464X.
Available at: <https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/NLJ/article/view/52553>. Date accessed: 22 dec. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.19184/nlj.v9i2.52553.
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Articles
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