Translation and Psychometric Testing of the Indonesian Version of the Preparedness for Caregiving Scale
Abstract
Background: Although many previous studies have used the Preparedness for Caregiving Scale (PCS), it has not been translated and validated in Indonesia. Purpose: This study aimed to translate and evaluate the PCS’s psychometric adequacy among family caregiver of non-communicable disease (NCD) patients in Indonesia. Methods: The linguistic of the PCS was validated using a standard forward-backward process. The Indonesian version was approved with Content Validity Index (CVI). Then a cross-sectional survey was conducted to establish the construct validity of the PCS to measure caregiver preparedness. A purposive sampling approach was used to recruit 40 consenting family caregivers of NCD patients. The PCS sum score was correlated with each item using Pearson product-moment. The internal consistency of the Indonesian version of the PCS (I-PCS) was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. Results: The Item-CVI (I-CVI) and Scale-level CVI (S-CVI) of the I-PCS were 1.00. It showed the high content validity of the I-PCS. The I-PCS revealed a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.933 for the total score. The Pearson-r was more than 0.320 indicated that the item valid. Conclusion: The I-PCS is appeared to be valid and reliable for measuring the caregiver preparedness of NCD patients in Indonesia.
References
Archbold, P.G., Stewart, B.J., Greenlick, M.R., Harvath, T. (1990) Mutuality and preparedness as predictors of caregiver role strain. Res Nurs Health;13:375-384.
Brislin R.W., Lonner W.J. & Thorndike R.M. (1973). Cross-Cultural Research Methods. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Carter, J.H., Stewart, B.J., Archbold, P.G., Inoue, I., Jaglin, J., Lannon, M., et al.. (1998). Living with a person who has Parkinson’s disease: The spouse’s perspective by stage of disease. Movement Disorders, 13 (11), 20–28.
Caruso, R., Arrigoni, C., Groppelli, K., Magon, A., Dellfiore, F., Pittella, F.,… Yorke, J. (2017). Italian version of Dyspnea-12: cultural-linguistic validation, quantitative and qualitative content validity study. Acta Biomed; 88(4):426-434. DOI: 10.23750/abm.v88i4.6341.
Effendy, C., Vissers, K., Tejawinata, S., Vernooij-Dassen, M., Engels, Y. (2014). Dealing with symptoms and issues of hospitalized patients with cancer in Indonesia: the role of families, nurses, and physicians. Pain Practice; 15(5):441-6. DOI: 10.1111/papr.12203.
Given, B.A., Given, C.W., Sherwood, P. (2012). The challenge of quality cancer care for family caregivers. Seminars in Oncology Nursing; 28 (4): 205-212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soncn.2012.09.002.
Gonzalez, E. W., Polansky, M., Lippa, C. F., Gitlin, L. N., & Zauszniewski, J. A. (2014). Enhancing resourcefulness to improve outcomes in family caregivers and persons with alzheimer’s disease: a pilot randomized trial. International Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 1–10. doi:10.1155/2014/323478.
Henriksson, A., Andershed, B., Benzein, E., Arestedt, K. (2012). Adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Preparedness for Caregiving Scale, Caregiver Competence Scale and Rewards of Caregiving Scale in a sample of Swedish family members of patients with life-threatening illness. Palliat Med; 26: 930-938.
Hudson, P.L., Hayman-White, K. (2006). Measuring the psychosocial characteristics of family caregivers of palliative care patients: psychometric properties of nine self-report instruments. J Pain Symptom Manage; 31:215-228.
International Diabetes Federation (IDF). (2017). IDF Clinical practice recommendation for managing type 2 diabetes in primary care. ISBN: 978-2-930229-85-0.
Jones P.S., Lee J.W., Phillips L.R., et al. (2001) An adaptation of Brislin’s translation model for cross cultural research. Nursing Research; 50, 300–304.
Kneeshaw, M. F., Considine, R. M., & Jennings, J. (1999). Mutuality and preparedness of family caregivers for elderly women after bypass surgery. Applied Nursing Research, 12(3), 128–135.DOI:10.1016/s0897-1897(99)80034-2.
Lynn, M.R. (1986). Determination and quantification of content validity. Nursing Research, 35, 382– 385.
Machado, B.M., Dahdah, D.F., Kebbe, L.M. (2018). Caregivers of family members with chronic diseases: coping strategies used in everyday life. Cad. Bras. Ter.Ocup. São Carlos. 26(2): 299-313. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/2526-8910.ctoao1188.
Maheshwari, P.S., Mahal, R.K. (2016). Relationship of preparedness and burden among family caregivers of cancer patients in India. Journal of Health, Medicine, and Nursing; 22: 35-44.
Maneesriwongul, W. & Dixon, J.K. (2004). Instrument translation process: a method review. Journal of Advanced Nursing; 48(2): 175-186. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2004.03185.x.
Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. (2018). Riset kesehatan dasar 2018. Jakarta: Balitbangkes.
Nunnally, J.C. & Bernstein, I.H. (1994). Psychometric Theory, 3rd edn. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Petruzzo, A., Paturzo, M., Buck, H.G., Barbaranelli, C., A’Agostino, F.,Ausili, D., ….Vellone, E. (2017). Psychometric evaluation of the caregiver preparedness scale in caregivers of adults with heart failure. Res Nurs Health:1-9. DOI: 10.1002/nur.21811.
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2006). The content validity index: Are you sure you know what’s being reported? critique and recommendations. Research in Nursing & Health, 29(5), 489–497.doi:10.1002/nur.20147
Pucciarelli, G., Savini, S., Byun, E., Simeone, S., Barbaranelli, C., Vela, R. J., … Vellone, E. (2014). Psychometric properties of the Caregiver Preparedness Scale in caregivers of stroke survivors. Heart & Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care, 43(6), 555–560. doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2014.08.004
Rha, S.Y., Park, Y., Song, S.K., Lee, C.E., Lee, J. (2015). Caregiving burden and the quality of life of family caregivers of cancer patients: the relationship and correlates. European Journal of oncology Nursing. 19, 376-382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2015.01.004.
Sari, I.W.W., Warsini, S., Effendy, C. (2018). Burden among family caregivers of advanced-cancer patients in Indonesia. Belitung Nursing Journal,4(3),295-303. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.479.
Shyu, Y.I., Yang, C.T., Huang, C.C., Kuo, H.C., Chen, S.T., Hsu, W.C. (2010). Influences of mutuality, preparedness, and balance on caregivers of patients with dementia. J Nurs Res; 18 (3): 155–163. doi: 10.1097/JNR.0b013e3181ed5845.
Varricchio, C. G., (2004). Measurement issues concerning linguistic translations. In M. Frank-Stromborg & S. J. Olsen (Eds.), Instruments for clinical health-care research (pp. 56–64). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
Wang, H. et al. (2016). Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. The Lancet, 388, 1459–1544.
Wolff, J. L., & Jacobs, B. J. (2015). Chronic Illness Trends and the Challenges to Family Caregivers. Family Caregiving in the New Normal, 79–103. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-417046-9.00007-6.
Yamada, J., Stevens, B., Sidani, S., Watt-Watson, J., De Silva, N. (2010). Content validity of a process evaluation checklist to measure intervention implementation fidelity of the EPIC intervention. Worldviews Evidence-Based Nurs;7(3):158–64.
Zamanzadeh V, Ghahramanian A, Rassouli M, Abbaszadeh A, Alavi- H. (2015). Design and implementation content validity Study: development of an instrument for measuring patient-centered communication. J Caring Sci; 4(5):165–78.
Brislin R.W., Lonner W.J. & Thorndike R.M. (1973). Cross-Cultural Research Methods. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Carter, J.H., Stewart, B.J., Archbold, P.G., Inoue, I., Jaglin, J., Lannon, M., et al.. (1998). Living with a person who has Parkinson’s disease: The spouse’s perspective by stage of disease. Movement Disorders, 13 (11), 20–28.
Caruso, R., Arrigoni, C., Groppelli, K., Magon, A., Dellfiore, F., Pittella, F.,… Yorke, J. (2017). Italian version of Dyspnea-12: cultural-linguistic validation, quantitative and qualitative content validity study. Acta Biomed; 88(4):426-434. DOI: 10.23750/abm.v88i4.6341.
Effendy, C., Vissers, K., Tejawinata, S., Vernooij-Dassen, M., Engels, Y. (2014). Dealing with symptoms and issues of hospitalized patients with cancer in Indonesia: the role of families, nurses, and physicians. Pain Practice; 15(5):441-6. DOI: 10.1111/papr.12203.
Given, B.A., Given, C.W., Sherwood, P. (2012). The challenge of quality cancer care for family caregivers. Seminars in Oncology Nursing; 28 (4): 205-212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soncn.2012.09.002.
Gonzalez, E. W., Polansky, M., Lippa, C. F., Gitlin, L. N., & Zauszniewski, J. A. (2014). Enhancing resourcefulness to improve outcomes in family caregivers and persons with alzheimer’s disease: a pilot randomized trial. International Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 1–10. doi:10.1155/2014/323478.
Henriksson, A., Andershed, B., Benzein, E., Arestedt, K. (2012). Adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Preparedness for Caregiving Scale, Caregiver Competence Scale and Rewards of Caregiving Scale in a sample of Swedish family members of patients with life-threatening illness. Palliat Med; 26: 930-938.
Hudson, P.L., Hayman-White, K. (2006). Measuring the psychosocial characteristics of family caregivers of palliative care patients: psychometric properties of nine self-report instruments. J Pain Symptom Manage; 31:215-228.
International Diabetes Federation (IDF). (2017). IDF Clinical practice recommendation for managing type 2 diabetes in primary care. ISBN: 978-2-930229-85-0.
Jones P.S., Lee J.W., Phillips L.R., et al. (2001) An adaptation of Brislin’s translation model for cross cultural research. Nursing Research; 50, 300–304.
Kneeshaw, M. F., Considine, R. M., & Jennings, J. (1999). Mutuality and preparedness of family caregivers for elderly women after bypass surgery. Applied Nursing Research, 12(3), 128–135.DOI:10.1016/s0897-1897(99)80034-2.
Lynn, M.R. (1986). Determination and quantification of content validity. Nursing Research, 35, 382– 385.
Machado, B.M., Dahdah, D.F., Kebbe, L.M. (2018). Caregivers of family members with chronic diseases: coping strategies used in everyday life. Cad. Bras. Ter.Ocup. São Carlos. 26(2): 299-313. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/2526-8910.ctoao1188.
Maheshwari, P.S., Mahal, R.K. (2016). Relationship of preparedness and burden among family caregivers of cancer patients in India. Journal of Health, Medicine, and Nursing; 22: 35-44.
Maneesriwongul, W. & Dixon, J.K. (2004). Instrument translation process: a method review. Journal of Advanced Nursing; 48(2): 175-186. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2004.03185.x.
Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. (2018). Riset kesehatan dasar 2018. Jakarta: Balitbangkes.
Nunnally, J.C. & Bernstein, I.H. (1994). Psychometric Theory, 3rd edn. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Petruzzo, A., Paturzo, M., Buck, H.G., Barbaranelli, C., A’Agostino, F.,Ausili, D., ….Vellone, E. (2017). Psychometric evaluation of the caregiver preparedness scale in caregivers of adults with heart failure. Res Nurs Health:1-9. DOI: 10.1002/nur.21811.
Polit, D. F., & Beck, C. T. (2006). The content validity index: Are you sure you know what’s being reported? critique and recommendations. Research in Nursing & Health, 29(5), 489–497.doi:10.1002/nur.20147
Pucciarelli, G., Savini, S., Byun, E., Simeone, S., Barbaranelli, C., Vela, R. J., … Vellone, E. (2014). Psychometric properties of the Caregiver Preparedness Scale in caregivers of stroke survivors. Heart & Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care, 43(6), 555–560. doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2014.08.004
Rha, S.Y., Park, Y., Song, S.K., Lee, C.E., Lee, J. (2015). Caregiving burden and the quality of life of family caregivers of cancer patients: the relationship and correlates. European Journal of oncology Nursing. 19, 376-382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejon.2015.01.004.
Sari, I.W.W., Warsini, S., Effendy, C. (2018). Burden among family caregivers of advanced-cancer patients in Indonesia. Belitung Nursing Journal,4(3),295-303. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33546/bnj.479.
Shyu, Y.I., Yang, C.T., Huang, C.C., Kuo, H.C., Chen, S.T., Hsu, W.C. (2010). Influences of mutuality, preparedness, and balance on caregivers of patients with dementia. J Nurs Res; 18 (3): 155–163. doi: 10.1097/JNR.0b013e3181ed5845.
Varricchio, C. G., (2004). Measurement issues concerning linguistic translations. In M. Frank-Stromborg & S. J. Olsen (Eds.), Instruments for clinical health-care research (pp. 56–64). Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
Wang, H. et al. (2016). Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. The Lancet, 388, 1459–1544.
Wolff, J. L., & Jacobs, B. J. (2015). Chronic Illness Trends and the Challenges to Family Caregivers. Family Caregiving in the New Normal, 79–103. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-417046-9.00007-6.
Yamada, J., Stevens, B., Sidani, S., Watt-Watson, J., De Silva, N. (2010). Content validity of a process evaluation checklist to measure intervention implementation fidelity of the EPIC intervention. Worldviews Evidence-Based Nurs;7(3):158–64.
Zamanzadeh V, Ghahramanian A, Rassouli M, Abbaszadeh A, Alavi- H. (2015). Design and implementation content validity Study: development of an instrument for measuring patient-centered communication. J Caring Sci; 4(5):165–78.
Published
2021-05-28
How to Cite
SARI, Ike Wuri Winahyu; NIRMALASARI, Novita.
Translation and Psychometric Testing of the Indonesian Version of the Preparedness for Caregiving Scale.
NurseLine Journal, [S.l.], v. 6, n. 1, p. 36-44, may 2021.
ISSN 2541-464X.
Available at: <https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/NLJ/article/view/18665>. Date accessed: 18 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.19184/nlj.v6i1.18665.
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
