The Bioinsecticide of The Essential Oil of Citronella (Cymbopogon citratus) Against Black Ants (Crematogaster sp)
Abstract
The essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus has the potential as a natural bioinsecticide in safe pest control. This research aimed to determine the chemical content and activity of the essential oil of C. citratus from Punggur village, Kubu Raya district, in killing black ants. This research was conducted in two stages: (i) Distillation of citronella oil and its characterization by IR and GC-MS, and (ii) bioinsecticide test of the oil on black ants (Crematogaster sp). The distillation results gave a yield of 0.43%, which contained 47 compounds with 7 main compounds namely beta.-Myrcene (9.98%), iso-geranial (7.25%), linalool (2.04%), geranyl acetate (2 .39%), geranic acid(1.07%), citral (Z)-(14.97%), and citral (E)-(4.71%). Characterization with IR showed that there were absorption wavelengths of 3500 cm-1 (C-OH), 3086 cm-1 (C-H alkenes), 2920 cm-1 (C H alkanes), 2856 cm-1 and 2748 cm-1 (C-H aldehyde), 1716 cm-1 and 1674 cm-1 (C=O). The anti-ant activity test using various concentrations gave an LCM100 value of 1% and an LC50 of 0.016%. From the results of the study, it can be concluded that the essential oil of citronella leaves is a bioinsecticide against Crematogaster sp.
References
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Zaituni, Z., Khathir, R., & Agustina, R. 2016. Penyulingan Minyak Atsiri Sereh Dapur (Cymbopogon Citratus) Dengan Metode Penyulingan Air-Uap. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian, 1(1): 1009-1016. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v1i1.1085
Amalina, N. R., Subagiya, S., & Sulistyo, A. 2018. Respon Populasi Kutu Daun Persik Terhadap Pemberian Beberapa Jenis Ekstrak Kulit Jeruk pada Cabai. Agrosains: Jurnal Penelitian Agronomi, 20(1): 13. https://doi.org/10.20961/agsjpa.v20i1.26314
Anjos, D. V., Tena, A., Viana-Junior, A. B., Carvalho, R. L., Torezan-Silingardi, H., Del-Claro, K., & Perfecto, I. 2022. The effects of ants on pest control: a meta-analysis. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 289(1981): https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2022.1316
Apriyanto, Hadi, U. K., & Soviana, S. 2019. Keragaman Jenis Semut Pengganggu Di Permukiman Bogor. Jurnal Kajian Veteriner Desember, 3(2): 213-223.
Castillo-Morales, R. M., Serrano, S. O., Villamizar, A. L. R., Mendez-Sanchez, S. C., & Duque, J. E. 2021. Impact of Cymbopogon flexuosus (Poaceae) essential oil and primary components on the eclosion and larval development of Aedes aegypti. Scientific Reports, 11(1): 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-03819-2
Dadang, & Prijono, D. 2013. Pengembangan teknologi formulasi insektisida nabati untuk pengendalian hama sayuran dalam upaya menghasilkan produk sayuran sehat. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 16(2): 100-111.
Duong Thu Trang, Hoang, T. K. Van, Nguyen, T. T. M., Cuong, P. Van, Dang, N. H., Dang, H. D., & Da, T. N. Q. N. T. D. 2020. Essential Oils of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus Stapf) Induces Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Arrest in A549 Lung Cancer Cells. BioMed Research International, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/5924856
Duque-Gamboa, D. N., Clavijo, A. A., Posso-Terranova, A., & Toro-Perea, N. 2021. Mutualistic interaction of aphids and ants in pepper, capsicum annuum and capsicum frutenscens (Solanaceae). Revista de Biologia Tropical, 69(2): 626-639. https://doi.org/10.15517/rbt.v69i2.43429
Falah, A. 2017. Wawasan Al-Qur’an Tentang Lebah dan Semut. Institut Perguruan Tinggi Ilmu Al-Qur’an.
Kardinan, A., Rizal, M., & Maris, P. 2020. Pengaruh Insektisida Nabati Kamandrah Dan Akar Tuba Terhadap Wereng Batang Coklat. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 22(2): 93-98. https://doi.org/10.31186/jipi.22.2.93-98
Khan, N., & Sawardekar, S. S. 2018. Study of Cymbopogan Citratus (Lemon grass) Application for its Insecticidal Property - “Ants” and its Use in Preservation Methodology. International Journal of Science and Research, 8: 1014-1015.
Muliasari, A. A., & Bawazir, M. F. 2018. Pengendalian Semut Hitam (Dolichoderus Thoracicus) pada Kopi Robusta (Coffea Canephora L.) di Kebun Bangelan PTPN XII Malang Jawa Timur. Jurnal Ilmiah Inovasi, 18(3): 104-111. https://doi.org/10.25047/jii.v18i3.1237
Mulyati, S., Jayuska, A., & Ardiningsih, P. 2015. Aktivitas Minyak Atsiri Daun Lada (Piper nigrum L.) terhadap Rayap Coptotermes sp. Jurnal Kimia Khatulistiwa, 4(3): 100-106.
Ningsih, S. U., & Wahyuni, D. 2016. Efektivitas Ekstrak Serai (Cymbopogon nardus) Sebagai Insektisida Alami dalam Mengendalikan Semut Hitam (Dolichoderus thoracicus) Secara Penyemprotan. Al-Tamimi Kesmas, 469(3): 319-323. https://doi.org/10.7868/s0869565216210155
Oliveira, E., Alves, D., Carvalho, G., Oliveira, B., Smail, A., & Bertolucci, S. K. 2018. Toxicity of Cymbopogon flexuosus essential oil and citral for Spodoptera frugiperda. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, 42: 408-415. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542018424013918
Pan, S., Li, W., Qin, Y., Yang, Z., Liu, Y., Shi, Z., Qu, C., Luo, C., & Yang, X. 2022. Discovery of Novel Potential Aphid Repellents: Geranic Acid Esters Containing Substituted Aromatic Rings. Molecules, 27(18): https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27185949
Plata-Rueda, A., Martínez, L. C., Rolim, G. da S., Coelho, R. P., Santos, M. H., Tavares, W. de S., Zanuncio, J. C., & Serrão, J. E. 2020. Insecticidal and repellent activities of Cymbopogon citratus (Poaceae) essential oil and its terpenoids (citral and geranyl acetate) against Ulomoides dermestoides. Crop Protection, 137: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2020.105299
Prasetyo, H. D., Susila, I. W., & Sumiartha, K. 2013. Efikasi Minyak Atsiri Sereh Dapur (Cymbopogon citratus L.) terhadap Hama Ulat Daun Kubis (plutella xylostella L.) di Laboratorium. Journal of Tropical Agroecotechnology.
Radünz, A. L., Radünz, M., Bizollo, A. R., Tramontin, M. A., Radünz, L. L., Mariot, M. P., Tempel-Stumpf, E. R., Calisto, J. F. F., Zaniol, F., Albeny-Simões, D., Rezende, R. S., & Magro, J. D. 2024. Insecticidal and repellent activity of native and exotic lemongrass on Maize weevil. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 84: 1-8. https://doi.org/| https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.252990
Sataral, M., Robika, H. H., & Masese, Z. A. 2020. Pengendalian Hayati Hama Penggerek Buah Kakao (Conopomorpha cramerella) Menggunakan Semut Hitam (Dolichoderus thoracicus). Celebes Agricultural, 1(1): 1-6. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.52045/jca.v1i1.17
Sufyan, Jayuska, A., & Destiarti, L. 2018. Bioaktivitas Minyak Atsiri Serai Dapur (Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf) Terhadap Rayap (Coptotermes curvignathus sp). Jurnal Kimia Khatulistiwa, 7(3): 47-55.
Sultana, S., Notarianto, N., & Kusuma, A. V. C. 2021. Pengendalian Hama Semut Hitam pada Pohon Rambutan Parakan dengan Memanfaatkan Ampas Kopi. Jurnal Ilmiah Respati, 12(2): 113-121. https://doi.org/DOI: https://doi.org/10.52643/jir.v12i2.1869
Sun, J., Feng, Y., Wang, Y., Li, J., Zou, K., Liu, H., Hu, Y., Xue, Y., Yang, L., Du, S., & Wu, Y. 2020. Investigation of Pesticidal Effects of Peucedanum terebinthinaceum Essential Oil on Three Stored-Product Insects. Rec. Nat. Prod, 14(3): 177-189. https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.25135/rnp.149.19.05.1287
Wibowo, M. A., Rendi, Warsida, Ardiningsih, P., & Jayuska, A. 2023. Characterization of The essential oil of Eucalyptus Leaves (Melaleuca leucadendra) from Pontianak City and Its Activity Against Streptococcus mutans. Jurnal Ilmu Dasar, 24(2): 121-128. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.19184/jid.v24i2.33592.
Wowu, H. D., Agastya, I. M. I., & Marwoto, M. 2021. Aplikasi Fipronil Sebagai Insektisida dan ZPT Pada Tanaman Kacang Hijau (Vigna radiate. L). Buana Sains, 21(2): 35-44. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33366/bs.v21i2.3219
Zaituni, Z., Khathir, R., & Agustina, R. 2016. Penyulingan Minyak Atsiri Sereh Dapur (Cymbopogon Citratus) Dengan Metode Penyulingan Air-Uap. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian, 1(1): 1009-1016. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v1i1.1085
Published
2024-09-12
How to Cite
WIBOWO, Muhamad Agus et al.
The Bioinsecticide of The Essential Oil of Citronella (Cymbopogon citratus) Against Black Ants (Crematogaster sp).
Jurnal ILMU DASAR, [S.l.], v. 26, n. 1, p. 18-25, sep. 2024.
ISSN 2442-5613.
Available at: <https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/JID/article/view/43923>. Date accessed: 22 dec. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.19184/jid.v26i1.43923.
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General
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