Dramaturgi Aktor pada Konflik Pertambangan Poboya Kota Palu

Actor Dramaturgy in the Poboya Mining Conflict in Palu City

Abstract

Umumnya konflik perebutan kawasan tambang emas memiliki kaitan erat dengan peranan aktor-aktor yang multi kepentingan sehingga pola-pola konflik seringkali terpelihara dalam waktu yang lama dan berlangsung secara dramaturgi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis relasi dramaturgis antar aktor di kawasan pertambangan Poboyo Kota Palu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif. Penggalian data dilakukan melalui pengamatan, wawancara, FGD dan studi dokumen. Wawancara dilakukan pada 6 informan subjek penelitian dipilih secara purposive, terdiri dari tokoh adat, pemerintah kelurahan, tokoh pemuda, aktivis lingkungan dan 11 informan terlibat dalam FGD. Data dianalisis secara interpretatif dan keabsahan data didapatkan melalui teknik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konflik perebutan kawasan pertambangan emas Poboya bersumber dari: (1) tuntutan keadilan oleh penambang ilegal; (2) kekecewaan terhadap perpanjangan kontrak karya perusahaan (PT. CPM); dan (3) adanya klaim-klaim atas kawasan pertambangan. Konflik bersifat dramaturgis yang dilandasi multi kepentingan antar aktor yaitu kepentingan penguasaan sumber daya, perebutan posisi serta pragmatisme. Aktor-aktor tersebut antara lain kelompok penambang ilegal, aparat keamanan, elit politik lokal, pemerintah kota, lembaga adat dan kelompok asosiasi penambang. Kebaruan penelitian ini bahwa relasi antar aktor dalam konflik di kawasan pertambangan bersifat dramaturgis dan  sengaja dipelihara.

Kata Kunci: Perebutan Sumberdaya, Tambang Emas, Poboya, Dramaturgi, Aktor Konflik

Abstract

Generally, conflicts over gold mining areas are closely related to the role of multi-interest actors, so that conflict patterns are often maintained for a long time and take place in a dramaturgical manner. This research aims to analyze the dramaturgical relations between actors in the Poboyo mining area of Palu City. This study used a descriptive, qualitative approach. Data were collected through observations, interviews, FGDs, and documentation studies. Interviews were conducted with 6 informants of research subjects who were selected purposively, consisting of traditional leaders, village government, youth leaders, environmental activists and 11 informants involved in FGDs. Data were analyzed interpretatively and data validity was obtained through triangulation techniques. The results showed that the conflicts over the Poboya gold mining area originated from: (1) demands for justice by illegal miners, (2) disappointment with the extension of the company's contract of work (PT. CPM); and (3) claims in the mining area. The conflict is dramaturgical in nature, based on multiple interests between actors, namely, the interests of controlling resources, jockeying for position, and pragmatism. These actors include illegal mining groups, security forces, local political elites, city governments, customary institutions, and miner association groups. The novelty of this research is that the relationships between actors in conflicts in mining areas are dramaturgical and deliberately maintained

Keywords: Actor Relations, Conflict, Gold Mine, Poboya