HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN TINGKAT KEPATUHAN PENGOBATAN PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI KOTA TERNATE
Abstract
Diabetes Melitus (DM) tipe 2, suatu penyakit kronik dengan hiperglikemia persisten akibat defek sekresi dan resistensi insulin ini masih menjadi ancaman kesehatan dunia hingga saat ini dikarenakan morbiditas, mortalitas, kejadian komplikasi serta pengeluaran biaya kesehatannya yang tinggi. DM tipe 2 memerlukan penatalaksanaan jangka panjang sehingga peran pasien terkait kepatuhan pengobatan menjadi krusial dalam mencapai tujuan pengobatan. Kepatuhan pengobatan ini dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, terutama pengetahuan pasien. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengeksplorasi hubungan antara tingkat kepatuhan pengobatan dan tingkat pengetahuan pasien DM tipe 2 di Kota Ternate, tepatnya di Puskesmas Kalumata. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional terhadap 109 sampel yang diperoleh dengan metode consecutive samplingmenggunakan kuesioner DKQ-24 dan MMAS-8. Dari total 109 sampel ditemukan distribusi pasien terbanyak pada kelompok usia 56-65 tahun (35,8%), jenis kelamin perempuan (66,1%), tamatan SMA sederajat (44%), Ibu Rumah Tangga (44%), telah berobat selama 6 bulan atau lebih (77,1%), memiliki riwayat DM dalam keluarga (58,7%), berpengetahuan cukup (45,9% ) dan memiliki kepatuhan pengobatan sedang (36,7%). Analisis korelasi spearman menghasilkan nilai signifikansi (p value) sebesar <0,001 dan koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,739. Hasil tersebut mengindikasikan adanya korelasi yang signifikan dan kuat, dengan arah korelasi positif, antara tingkat pengetahuan dan tingkat kepatuhan pengobatan pada pasien DM Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Kalumata Kota Ternate.
References
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2] AlShayban, D.M. et al. (2020) ‘Association of Disease Knowledge and Medication Adherence Among Out-Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Khobar, Saudi Arabia’, Frontiers in Pharmacology, 11(February), pp. 1–9. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.00060.
3] Aminde, L.N. et al. (2019) ‘Adherence to antidiabetic medication and factors associated with non-adherence among patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus in two regional hospitals in Cameroon’, BMC Endocrine Disorders, 19(1), pp. 1–9. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-019-0360-9.
4] Atolagbe, E.T., Sivanandy, P. and Ingle, P.V. (2023) ‘Effectiveness of educational intervention in improving medication adherence among patients with diabetes in Klang Valley, Malaysia’, Frontiers in Clinical Diabetes and Healthcare, 4(March), pp. 1–11. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcdhc.2023.1132489.
5] Cántaro, K. et al. (2016) ‘Association between information sources and level of knowledge about diabetes in patients with type 2 diabetes’, Endocrinología y Nutrición (English Edition), 63(5), pp. 202–211. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endoen.2016.05.007.
6] Choi, J. et al. (2019) ‘Association between family history of diabetes and clusters of adherence to healthy behaviors: Cross-sectional results from the health examinees-gem (hexa-g) study’, BMJ Open, 9(6), pp. 1–13. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025477.
7] Ciarambino, T. et al. (2022) ‘Influence of Gender in Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complication’, International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 23(16), pp. 1–13. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23168850.
8] Decroli, E. (2019) Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. 1st edn. Edited by A. Kam et al. Padang: Pusat Penerbitan Bagian Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas.
9] Elsous, A. et al. (2017) ‘Medications adherence and associated factors among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Gaza Strip, Palestine’, Frontiers in Endocrinology, 8(JUN), pp. 1–9. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2017.00100.
10] Fernandez-lazaro, C.I. et al. (2019) ‘Adherence to treatment and related factors among patients with chronic conditions in primary care : a cross-sectional study’, 3, pp. 1–12.
11] IDF (2021) IDF Diabetes Atlas 10th Edition. 10th edn, Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice. 10th edn. Internation Diabetes Federation. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2013.10.013.
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13] Karaoui, L.R. et al. (2018) ‘Knowledge and practice of patients with diabetes mellitus in Lebanon: A cross-sectional study’, BMC Public Health, 18(1), pp. 1–9. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5416-7.
14] Khunti, Nitisha, Khunti, Nehal and Khunti, K. (2019) ‘Adherence to type 2 diabetes management’, British Journal of Diabetes, 19(2), pp. 99–104. Available at: https://doi.org/10.15277/bjd.2019.223.
15] Komariah, K. and Rahayu, S. (2020) ‘Hubungan Usia, Jenis Kelamin dan Indeks Massa Tubuh dengan Kadar Gula Darah Puasa pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Klinik Pratama Rawat Jalan Proklamasi, Depok, Jawa Barat’, Jurnal Kesehatan Kusuma Husada, (Dm), pp. 41–50. Available at: https://doi.org/10.34035/jk.v11i1.412.
16] Marinho, F.S. et al. (2018) ‘Treatment adherence and its associated factors in patients with type 2 diabetes: Results from the Rio de Janeiro type 2 diabetes cohort study’, Journal of Diabetes Research, 2018. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/8970196.
17] Masruroh, N.L. et al. (2021) ‘Level of knowledge and family support toward medication adherence among patient with diabetes mellitus in malang, indonesia’, Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, 15(1), pp. 1406–1413. Available at: https://doi.org/10.37506/ijfmt.v15i1.13610.
18] Muhammad Haskani, N.H. et al. (2022) ‘Medication Knowledge and Adherence in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Brunei Darussalam: A Pioneer Study in Brunei Darussalam’, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(12). Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127470.
19] Naba, O.S., Adu, A.A. and Hinga, I.A.T. (2021) ‘Gambaran Karakteristik Pasien Diabetes Melitus di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sikumata Kota Kupang’, Media Kesehatan Masyarakat, 3(2), pp. 186–194. Available at: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35508/mkm.
20] Nabila, K.A., Kusumawati, M. and Megawati, G. (2022) ‘Knowledge and Perception of Diabetes Mellitus among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Five Public Health Centers in Karawang, West Java, Indonesia’, Althea Medical Journal, 9(1), pp. 12–18. Available at: https://doi.org/10.15850/amj.v9n1.2287.
21] Nazriati, E., Pratiwi, D. and Restuastuti, T. (2018) ‘Pengetahuan pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dan hubungannya dengan kepatuhan minum obat di Puskesmas Mandau Kabupaten Bengkalis’, Majalah Kedokteran Andalas, 41(2), p. 59. Available at: https://doi.org/10.25077/mka.v41.i2.p59-68.2018.
22] Notoatmodjo, S. (2014) Ilmu Perilaku Kesehatan. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta.
23] Pakpahan, M. et al. (2021) Promosi Kesehatan dan Perilaku Kesehatan. Jakarta: Yayasan Kita Menulis.
24] PB PERKENI (2021) Pedoman Pengelolaan dan Pencegahan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Dewasa di Indonesia 2021, PB PERKENI. Jakarta: PB PERKENI. Available at: www.ginasthma.org.
25] Pourhabibi, N., Mohebbi, B. and Sadeghi, R. (2022) ‘Factors associated with treatment adherence to treatment among in patients with type diabetes in Iran : A cross-sectional study’, Frontiers in Public Healt, pp. 1–10. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.976888.
26] Rachmawati, W.C. (2019) Promosi Kesehatan dan Ilmu Perilaku. Malang: Penerbit Wineka Media.
27] Riskesdas (2019) Laporan Provinsi Maluku Utara Riskesdas 2018, Dinas Kesehatan Maluku Utara. Jakarta: Lembaga Penerbit Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan. Available at: https://ejournal2.litbang.kemkes.go.id/index.php/lpb/article/view/3756.
28] Saibi, Y., Romadhon, R. and Nasir, N.M. (2020) ‘Kepatuhan Terhadap Pengobatan Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Puskesmas Jakarta Timur’, Jurnal Farmasi Galenika (Galenika Journal of Pharmacy) (e-Journal), 6(1), pp. 94–103. Available at: https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.2020.v6.i1.15002.
29] Silalahi, L. (2019) ‘Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Tindakan Pencegahan Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2’, The Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion ad Health Education, 7(2), pp. 223–232. Available at: https://doi.org/10.20473/jpk.V7.I2.2019.223-232.
30] Sudoyo, A.W. et al. (2014) Buku Ajar Ilmu Penyakit Dalam Jilid I. 6th edn. Jakarta: Interna Publishing.
31] Świątoniowska, N. et al. (2019) ‘The role of education in type 2 diabetes treatment’, Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 151, pp. 237–246. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diabres.2019.04.004.
32] Tramunt, B. et al. (2020) ‘Sex differences in metabolic regulation and diabetes susceptibility’, Diabetologia, 63(3), pp. 453–461. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-019-05040-3.
33] Tresnayanthi, K.A.S. et al. (2023) ‘Pengaruh Tingkat Pengetahuan Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe Ii Rawat Jalan Terhadap Kepatuhan Terapi Oad Di Puskesmas Kabupaten Gianyar Selama Pandemi Covid-19’, Juli, 12(7), p. 2023. Available at: http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eum.
34] Yeh, J.-Z. et al. (2018) ‘Disease-specific health literacy, disease knowledge, and adherence behavior among patients with type 2 diabetes in Taiwan.’, BMC public health, 18(1), p. 1062. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5972-x.
Published
2024-06-30
How to Cite
BUYUNG, Sonia; ARMAIJN, Liasari; TOKA, Wahyunita Do.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN DAN TINGKAT KEPATUHAN PENGOBATAN PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DI KOTA TERNATE.
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, [S.l.], v. 20, n. 2, p. 133-142, june 2024.
ISSN 2684-7035.
Available at: <https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/IKESMA/article/view/46569>. Date accessed: 20 nov. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.19184/ikesma.v20i2.46569.
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