APAKAH STIGMA TERHADAP ORANG DENGAN HIV/AIDS (ODHA) PADA MAHASISWA KESEHATAN DAN NON KESEHATAN BERBEDA?
Abstract
Stigma terhadap ODHA dapat dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan mengenai cara penularan HIV. Pada mahasiswa kesehatan mendapatkan informasi mengenai kesehatan dan HIV/AIDS melalui perkuliahan dan organisasi mahasiswa dibandingkan pada mahasiswa non kesehatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis perbedaan stigma terhadap ODHA pada mahasiswa kesehatan dan non kesehatan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada tahun 2019 dengan populasi seluruh mahasiswa Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta sejumlah 21.617 mahasiswa yang terbagi menjadi kesehatan dan non kesehatan. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 400 mahasiswa yang terdiri dari 200 mahasiswa kesehatan dan 200 mahasiswa non kesehatan yang diambil menggunakan teknik proporsional random sampling. Hasil analisis data menggunakan Uji T Dua Sampel Bebas (Independent Sample T Test) diperoleh nilai p-value 0,249 (p-value> 0,05) sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan stigma terhadap ODHA pada mahasiswa kesehatan dan bukan kesehatan di Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. Pada mahasiswa baik kesehatan dan non kesehatan masih memiliki stigma terhadap ODHA. Mahasiswa masih memiliki stigma karena masih belum memahami mengenai cara penularan HIV sehingga mahasiswa disarankan untuk lebih aktif mencari informasi tentang HIV/AIDS melalui sosial media dan organisasi kampus yang bergerak di bidang pencegahan HIV dan pengurangan stigma pada ODHA.
References
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25] Situmeang, B., Syarif, S. and Mahkota, R. (2017) ‘Hubungan Pengetahuan HIV/AIDS dengan Stigma terhadap Orang dengan HIV/AIDS di Kalangan Remaja 15-19 Tahun di Indonesia (Analisis Data SDKI Tahun 2012)’, Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia, 1(2), pp. 35–43.
26] Suswani, A. et al. (2023) ‘Stigma and Discrimination of People with HIV/AIDS by Health Officers in Bulukumba Regency’, Global Medical and Health Communication, 11(1), pp. 22–28. Available at: https://doi.org/10.29313/gmhc.v11i1.9722.
27] UNAIDS (2015) Understanding Fast-Track Accelerating Action to End The AIDS Epidemic by 2030. Switzerland.
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29] Yu, F. et al. (2022) ‘The Influence of Anticipated HIV Stigma on Health-related Behaviors, Self-rated Health, and Treatment Preferences Among People Living with HIV in East Asia’, AIDS and Behavior [Preprint]. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-022-03865-5.
2] Alawad, M. et al. (2019) ‘Knowledge, Attitudes, and Beliefs about HIV/AIDS and People Living with HIV among Medical Students at Qassim University in Saudi Arabia’, International Journal of Health Science, 13(5).
3] Alharbi, H.H.O. et al. (2022) ‘Stigmatization and discrimination against people living with HIV/AIDS: Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare workers in the primary healthcare centers in Madinah, Saudi Arabia, 2022’, Journal of Family and Community Medicine, 29(3), pp. 230–237. Available at: https://doi.org/10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_136_22.
4] Asra, E., Supriyatni, N. and Mansyur, S. (2020) ‘Stigma terhadap Orang dengan HIV dan AIDS (ODHA) pada Masyarakat di Kelurahan Kayu Merah Kota Ternate Tahun 2019’, Jurnal Biosainstek, 1(1). Available at: https://doi.org/10.52046/biosainstek.v2i01.325.47-57.
5] Cahyono, H. (2019) ‘Peran Mahasiswa di Masyarakat’, Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Setiabudhi, 1(1), pp. 32–43.
6] DeCarlo, P. and Ekstrand, M. (2016) How Does Stigma Affect HIV Prevention and Treatment. Available at: www.icrw.org/publications/understanding-.
7] Dewi, R.K. et al. (2021) ‘Faktor Personal dan Sikap Teman mengenai Tindakan Pencegahan Dampak Penularan HIV/AIDS dengan Stigma Mahasiswa Terhadap Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA)’, Jurnal Kesehatan, 14(2), pp. 184–194. Available at: https://doi.org/10.23917/jk.v14i2.15056.
8] Frescura, L. et al. (2022) ‘Achieving the 95 95 95 targets for all: A pathway to ending AIDS’, PLoS ONE, 17(8 August). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0272405.
9] Haryanti, T. and Wartini (2019) ‘Perception of people living with HIV/AIDS on social stigma of HIV/AIDS in Sukoharjo District’, Kesmas, 13(3), pp. 132–137. Available at: https://doi.org/10.21109/kesmas.v13i3.1752.
10] Hidayat, W., Nur’aeny, N. and Winda, K. (2022) ‘Knowledge and stigma towards people living with HIV/AIDS: A study among dental hygiene students’, Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science (J Dentomaxillofac Sci, 7, pp. 145–151. Available at: https://doi.org/10.15562/jdmfs.v7i3.1411.
11] Jaafari, Z. et al. (2022) ‘Barriers and facilitators of access to HIV prevention, care, and treatment services among people living with HIV in Kerman, Iran: a qualitative study’, BMC Health Services Research, 22(1). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-08483-4.
12] Jahić, R. et al. (2020) ‘Knowledge, attitude and stigma towards HIV patients: a survey among medical students in Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina’, The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 14(09), pp. 1019–1026. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.12526.
13] Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (2022) Laporan Eksekutif Perkembangan HIV/AIDS dan Penyakit Infeksi Menular Seksual (PIMS) Triwulan II Tahun 2022. Jakarta.
14] Kingori, C. et al. (2017) ‘Factors Associated with HIV Related Stigma among College Students in the Midwest’, AIMS Public Health, 4(4), pp. 347–363. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3934/publichealth.2017.4.347.
15] Kusuma, M.T.P.L. et al. (2020) ‘HIV knowledge and stigma among dietetic students in Indonesia: Implications for the nutrition education system’, BMC Infectious Diseases, 20(1). Available at: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-020-05379-8.
16] Kusumaningrum, T.A.I. et al. (2021) ‘Pembentukan Peer Educator dalam Upaya Diseminasi Informasi Pencegahan Perilaku Berisiko HIV pada Siswa Article Info’, Jurnal Warta LPM, 24(4), pp. 677–686. Available at: http://journals.ums.ac.id/index.php/warta.
17] Nugroho, F.S. (2019) ‘Pengaruh Pendidikan Kesehatan dengan Metode Role Play terhadap Pengetahuan dan Sikap Siswa Kelas X’, Jurnal Kesehatan, 12(1).
18] Parut, A.A. and Dewi, I.G.A.P. (2019) ‘Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Stigma Terhadap ODHA oleh Mahasiswa Keperawatan’, Jurnal Riset Kesehatan Nasional, 3(2). Available at: https://doi.org/10.37294/jrkn.v3i2.160.
19] Qiu, M. and Wu, Y. (2022) ‘Knowledge and Perceptions of Chinese Female College Students Towards HIV/AIDS: A Qualitative Analysis’, International Journal of Women’s Health, 14, pp. 1267–1280. Available at: https://doi.org/10.2147/IJWH.S374976.
20] Saag, M.S. (2021) ‘HIV Infection — Screening, Diagnosis, and Treatment’, New England Journal of Medicine, 384(22), pp. 2131–2143. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1056/nejmcp1915826.
21] Sen, L.T. et al. (2021) ‘Scrutinizing the knowledge and stigma of HIV/AIDS in the community level in Indonesia and the correlation to risk groups aversion to screening’, in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. IOP Publishing Ltd. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/716/1/012089.
22] Shaluhiyah, Z., Musthofa, S.B. and Widjanarko, B. (2015) ‘Stigma Masyarakat terhadap Orang dengan HIV/AIDS’, Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 9(4), pp. 333–339.
23] Sholekhah, B.A., Kusumaningrum, T.A.I. and Putri, S.R.S. (2021) ‘Hubungan Karakteristik Responden dan Interaksi Bersama Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) Terhadap Stigma Mahasiswa pada ODHA’, in Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta .
24] Siregar, P.A. (2021) ‘Analisis AIDS Stigmation of Adolescents In Medan City’, Saintika Medika, 17(1), pp. 61–70. Available at: https://doi.org/10.22219/sm.vol17.smumm1.15213.
25] Situmeang, B., Syarif, S. and Mahkota, R. (2017) ‘Hubungan Pengetahuan HIV/AIDS dengan Stigma terhadap Orang dengan HIV/AIDS di Kalangan Remaja 15-19 Tahun di Indonesia (Analisis Data SDKI Tahun 2012)’, Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia, 1(2), pp. 35–43.
26] Suswani, A. et al. (2023) ‘Stigma and Discrimination of People with HIV/AIDS by Health Officers in Bulukumba Regency’, Global Medical and Health Communication, 11(1), pp. 22–28. Available at: https://doi.org/10.29313/gmhc.v11i1.9722.
27] UNAIDS (2015) Understanding Fast-Track Accelerating Action to End The AIDS Epidemic by 2030. Switzerland.
28] UNDP (2023) HIV and Health Annual Report 2021-2022 HIV and Health in Times of Crisis United Nations Development Programme.
29] Yu, F. et al. (2022) ‘The Influence of Anticipated HIV Stigma on Health-related Behaviors, Self-rated Health, and Treatment Preferences Among People Living with HIV in East Asia’, AIDS and Behavior [Preprint]. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-022-03865-5.
Published
2024-03-31
How to Cite
KUSUMANINGRUM, Tanjung Anitasari Indah; PARAMITA, Evi Kusuma.
APAKAH STIGMA TERHADAP ORANG DENGAN HIV/AIDS (ODHA) PADA MAHASISWA KESEHATAN DAN NON KESEHATAN BERBEDA?.
Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, [S.l.], v. 20, n. 1, mar. 2024.
ISSN 2684-7035.
Available at: <https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/IKESMA/article/view/42977>. Date accessed: 03 may 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.19184/ikesma.v20i1.42977.
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ARTICLES
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