Conservation Zone Delimitation Based on Physical Properties in Langsa Watershed, Aceh Province
Abstract
Watershed zoning is essential for regional development, specifically the conservation aspect. Langsa is a city in Aceh province that has no watershed zoning map as a basis for development. Therefore, this study aims to delimit the conservation area in the Langsa River Basin, Aceh Province, based on three factors, which include rainfall, slope, and vegetation density. The data used are Digital Elevation Models (DEM), Langsa City rainfall, and satellite imagery from Landsat 8 OLI TIRS. Furthermore, the data was obtained online from the website of Badan Informasi Geospasial also known as Geospatial Information Agency, the United States Geological Survey, and Badan Pusat Statistik or Central Bureau of Statistics. The data was processed using the Quantum GIS 3.16 application with scoring and weighted overlay. In this study, the Langsa watershed was divided into three areas, namely cultivation, buffer, and conservation. The cultivation area dominates the Langsa watershed with a sloping morphology, moderate rainfall, and moderate vegetation density. Also, the conservation area has a high morphology with high rainfall and vegetation density, while that of the buffer has characteristics that falls between the cultivation and conservation areas. Each zone namely cultivation, buffer, and conservation has respective areas of 63.75 km2, 4.84 km2, and 3.55 km2 with different land use priorities. For example, the cultivation zones are prioritized for agricultural and urban areas. Buffer is separated for perennials, while conservation zones are for protected forests or national parks.
Keywords : Langsa Watershed; Conservation Area; Buffer Area; Cultivation Area
Copyright (c) 2022 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License
References
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Suprayogi, S., Setyawan, P., & Darmanto, D. (2015). Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai (Watershed Management) (2nd Edition). Gadjah Mada University Press.
USGS (2022). Landsat 8 OLI TIRS. Retrieved from https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/.
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Amiri, M., & Pourghasemi, H. R. (2022). Mapping the NDVI and monitoring of its changes using google earth engine and Sentinel-2 Images. In Computers in Earth and Environmental Sciences (pp. 127–136). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-89861-4.00044-0.
Ali, D. A., Deininger, K., & Monchuk, D. (2020). Using satellite imagery to assess impacts of soil and water conservation measures: Evidence from Ethiopia’s Tana-Beles watershed. Ecological Economics, 169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2019.106512.
Appiah, G., & Asomani-Boateng, R. (2020). Managing watersheds in Ghana through land use planning: a case of Offin watershed. African Geographical Review, 39(1), 28–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/19376812.2018.1505341.
Ardiansyah, A., & Sumunar, D. R. S. (2020). Flood vulnerability mapping using Geographic Information System (GIS) in Gajah Wong Sub Watershed, Yogyakarta County Province. Geosfera Indonesia, 5(1), 47-64. https://doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v5i1.9959.
Asdak, C. (2020). Hidrologi dan Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai (Hydrology and Watershed Management) (7th Edition). Gadjah Mada University Press.
Bharath, A., Kumar, K. K., Maddamsetty, R., Manjunatha, M., Tangadagi, R. B., & Preethi, S. (2021). Drainage morphometry based sub-watershed prioritization of Kalinadi basin using geospatial technology. Environmental Challenges, 5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envc.2021.100277.
BIG (2001). The topographical map of Indonesia. Retrieved from https://tanahair.indonesia.go.id/.
BIG (2022). DEM Langsa City . Retrieved from https://tanahair.indonesia.go.id/demnas/.
Bismark, M., Sawitri, R., & Eman, E. (2007). Pengelolaan dan zonasi daerah penyangga Taman Nasional Gunung Ciremai, Kabupaten Kuningan, Jawa Barat. Jurnal Penelitian Hutan dan Konservasi Alam, 4(5), 467-483. https://doi.org/10.20886/jphka.2007.4.5.467-483.
Chen, L., Xu, J., Wang, G., & Shen, Z. (2019). Comparison of the multiple imputation approaches for imputing rainfall data series and their applications to watershed models. Journal of Hydrology, 572, 449–460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.03.025.
Debie, E., Singh, K. N., & Belay, M. (2019). Effect of conservation structures on curbing rill erosion in micro-watersheds, Northwest Ethiopia. International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 7(3), 239–247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iswcr.2019.06.001.
Funan, M. G., Suryatmojo, H., & Widiyatno. (2022). Analysis of land suitability based on area functions in the merawu watershed, Banjarnegara Regency. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 985(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/985/1/012037.
Indarto, I. (2020). Hidrologi: Metode Analisis dan Tool untuk Interpretasi Hidrograf Aliran Sungai (Hydrology: Analytical Methods and Tools for Interpretation of Stream Hydrographs) (1st Edition). Bumi Aksara.
Jiang, H., Peng, J., Zhao, Y., Xu, D., & Dong, J. (2022). Zoning for ecosystem restoration based on ecological network in mountainous region. Ecological Indicators, 142, 109138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109138.
Jothimani, M., Abebe, A., & Berhanu, G. (2022). Application of Remote Sensing, GIS, and Drainage Morphometric Analysis in Groundwater potential Assessment for sustainable development in Iyenda River Catchment, Konso Zone, Rift Valley, Southern Ethiopia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 982(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/982/1/012032.
Leclerc, M. C., & Grégoire, M. (2017). Implementing integrated watershed management in Quebec: examples from the Saint John River Watershed Organization. International Journal of Water Resources Development, 33(3), 489–506. https://doi.org/10.1080/07900627.2016.1251884.
Lin, J. Y., Chen, Y. C., & Chang, C. T. (2020). Costs and environmental benefits of watershed conservation and restoration in Taiwan. Ecological Engineering, 142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2019.105633.
Liu, X., Zhou, S., Qi, S., Yang, B., Chen, Y., Huang, R., & Du, P. (2015). Zoning of rural water conservation in China: A Case Study at Ashihe River Basin. International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 3(2), 130–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iswcr.2015.04.003.
Mello, I., Laurent, F., Kassam, A., Marques, G. F., Okawa, C. M. P., & Monte, K. (2021). Benefits of conservation agriculture in watershed management: Participatory governance to improve the quality of no-till systems in the Paraná 3 Watershed, Brazil. Agronomy, 11(12), 2455. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11122455.
Mutia, E., Lydia, E. N., & Purwandito, M. (2020). River map Sungai Krueng Langsa sebagai Pengendalian Banjir Kota Langsa (River Map of Krueng Langsa River as Flood Control in Langsa City). Jurnal Teknologi, 12(2), 141–150.
Nasrudin N., Muryani, C., & Yusuf, Y. (2019). Carrying capacity of Grompol Watershed Settlements, Central Java. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 328(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/328/1/012072.
Patowary, S., & Sarma, A. K. (2018). GIS-based estimation of soil loss from hilly urban area incorporating hill cut factor into RUSLE. Water Resources Management, 32(10), 3535–3547. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-018-2006-5.
Roba, N. T., Kassa, A. K., Geleta, D. Y., & Harka, A. E. (2021). Streamflow and sediment yield estimation, and area prioritization for better conservation planning in the Dawe River Watershed of The Wabi Shebelle River Basin, Ethiopia. Heliyon, 7(12). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08509.
Setyowati, D. L. (2014). DAS Garang Hulu: Tata Air, Erosi, dan Konservasi (Upstream Garang Watershed: Water Management, Erosion and Conservation). Ombak.
Sihombing, A. M. C., Indarto, I., & Wahyuningsih, S. (2021). Assessment of water balance at Mayang Watershed, East Java. Geosfera Indonesia, 6(1), 55-76. https://doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v6i1.23111.
Srinivas, R., Drewitz, M., & Magner, J. (2020). Evaluating watershed-based optimized decision support framework for conservation practice placement in Plum Creek Minnesota. Journal of Hydrology, 583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.124573.
Sun, Y., Hao, R., Qiao, J., & Xue, H. (2020). Function zoning and spatial management of small watersheds based on ecosystem disservice bundles. Journal of Cleaner Production, 255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120285.
Suprayogi, S., Setyawan, P., & Darmanto, D. (2015). Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai (Watershed Management) (2nd Edition). Gadjah Mada University Press.
USGS (2022). Landsat 8 OLI TIRS. Retrieved from https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/.
Wang, C., Shang, S., Jia, D., Han, Y., Sauvage, S., Sánchez-Pérez, J. M., Kuramochi, K., & Hatano, R. (2018). Integrated effects of land use and topography on streamflow response to precipitation in an agriculture-forest dominated northern watershed. Water (Switzerland), 10(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/w10050633.
Wang, Z., Guo, J., Ling, H., Han, F., Kong, Z., & Wang, W. (2022). Function zoning based on spatial and temporal changes in quantity and quality of ecosystem services under enhanced management of water resources in arid basins. Ecological Indicators, 137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.108725.
Wu, H. (2018). Watershed prioritization in the upper Han River basin for soil and water conservation in the South-to-North Water Transfer Project (middle route) of China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(3), 2231–2238. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0675-x.
Xia, J., & Dong, P. (2019). Spatial characteristics of physical environments for human settlements in Jinsha River watershed (Yunnan section), China. Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 10(1), 544–561. https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2018.1532461.
Published
2022-08-28
How to Cite
URFAN, Faiz; NINGRUM, Ayu Sekar.
Conservation Zone Delimitation Based on Physical Properties in Langsa Watershed, Aceh Province.
Geosfera Indonesia, [S.l.], v. 7, n. 2, p. 180-193, aug. 2022.
ISSN 2614-8528.
Available at: <https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/GEOSI/article/view/31624>. Date accessed: 26 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v7i2.31624.
Section
Original Research Articles
