Assessing The Impacts of Climate Variability on Rural Households in Agricultural Land Through The Application of Livelihood Vulnerability Index
Abstract
Climate variability adversely affects rural households in Ethiopia as they depend on rain-fed agriculture, which is highly vulnerable to climate fluctuations and severe events such as drought and pests. In view of this, we have assessed the impacts of climate variability on rural household’s livelihoods in agricultural land in Tarchazuria district of Dawuro Zone. A total of 270 samples of household heads were selected using a multistage sampling technique with sample size allocation procedures of the simple random sampling method. Simple linear regression, the standard precipitation index, the coefficient of variance, and descriptive statistics were used to analyze climatic data such as rainfall and temperature. Two livelihood vulnerability analysis approaches, such as composite index and Livelihood Vulnerability Index-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (LVI-IPCC) approaches, were used to analyze indices for socioeconomic and biophysical indicators. The study revealed that the variability patterns of rainfall and increasing temperatures had been detrimental effects on rural households' livelihoods. The result showed households of overall standardized, average scores of Wara Gesa (0.60) had high livelihood vulnerability with dominant major components of natural, physical, social capital, and livelihood strategies to climate-induced natural hazards than Mela Gelda (0.56). The LVI-IPCC analysis results also revealed that the rural households in Mela Gelda were more exposed to climate variability than Wara Gesa and slightly sensitive to climate variability, considering the health and knowledge and skills, natural capitals, and financial capitals of the households. Therefore, interventions including road infrastructure construction, integrated with watershed management, early warning information system, providing training, livelihood diversification, and SWC measures' practices should be a better response to climate variability-induced natural hazards.
Keywords: Households; Livelihood Vulnerability Index; climate variability; Tarchazuria District
Copyright (c) 2021 Geosfera Indonesia and Department of Geography Education, University of Jember
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share A like 4.0 International License
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Endalew, H. A., & Sen, S. (2020). Effects of climate shocks on Ethiopian rural households: an integrated livelihood vulnerability approach. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 64(3), 399–431. https://doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2020.1764840.
Fellmann, T. (2012). The assessment of climate change-related vulnerability in the agricultural sector: reviewing conceptual frameworks. Paper presented at FAO/OECD Workshop. Rome , Italy.
Few, R., Satyal, P., McGahey, D., Leavy, J., Budds, J., Assen, M., ...& Bewket, W. (2015). Vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in the semi-arid regions of East Africa. Retrieved from https://idl-bnc-idrc.dspacedirect.org/handle/10625/57427.
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Huong, N. T. L., Yao, S., & Fahad, S. (2019). Assessing household livelihood vulnerability to climate change: The case of Northwest Vietnam. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 25(5), 1157-1175. https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2018.1460801.
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Ketema, A. M., & Negeso, K. D. (2020). Effect of climate change on agricultural output in Ethiopia. Jurnal Perspektif Pembiayaan Dan Pembangunan Daerah, 8(3), 195–208. https://doi.org/10.22437/ppd.v8i3.9076.
Krishnamurthy, P. K., Lewis, K., & Choularton, R. J. (2014). A methodological framework for rapidly assessing the impacts of climate risk on national-level food security through a vulnerability index. Global Environmental Change, 25(1), 121–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2013.11.004.
Marelign, A., Addisu, S., & Mekuriaw, A. (2019). Observed and Perceived Climate Change and Variability and Small Holder Farmers’ Vulnerability: The Case of Janamora District, Northwestern Ethiopia. Journal of Environment and Earth Science. https://doi.org/10.7176/JEES/9-8-04.
Masuda, Y. J., Castro, B., Aggraeni, I., Wolff, N. H., Ebi, K., Garg, T., … Spector, J. (2019). How are healthy, working populations affected by increasing temperatures in the tropics? Implications for climate change adaptation policies. Global Environmental Change, 56(C), 29–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.03.005.
Mekonnen, Z., woldeamanuel, T., & kassa, H. (2019). Socio-ecological vulnerability to climate change/variability in central rift valley, Ethiopia. Advances in Climate Change Research, 10(1), 9–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.accre.2019.03.002.
Mohammed, R., & Scholz, M. (2019). Climate Variability Impact on the Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Drought and Aridityin Arid and Semi-Arid Regions. Water Resources Management, 33(15), 5015–5033. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-019-02397-3.
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.
Narayanan, K., & Sahu, S. K. (2016). Effects of climate change on household economy and adaptive responses among agricultural households in eastern coast of India. Current Science, 110(7), 1240-1250–1250. https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v110/i7/1240-1250.
Neupane, N., Murthy, M. S. R., Rasul, G., Wahid, S., Shrestha, A. B., & Uddin, K. (2013). Integrated biophysical and socioeconomic model for adaptation to climate change for agriculture and water in the Koshi Basin. Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation; Berlin, Germany : Springer.
Ofoegbu, C., Chirwa, P., Francis, J., & Babalola, F. (2017). Assessing vulnerability of rural communities to climate change: A review of implications for forest-based livelihoods in South Africa. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, 9(3), 374–386. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCCSM-04-2016-0044.
Panthi, J., Aryal, S., Dahal, P., Bhandari, P., Krakauer, N. Y., & Pandey, V. P. (2016). Livelihood vulnerability approach to assessing climate change impacts on mixed agro-livestock smallholders around the Gandaki River Basin in Nepal. Regional Environmental Change, 16(4), 1121–1132. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-015-0833-y.
Paul, A., Deka, J., Gujre, N., Rangan, L., & Mitra, S. (2019). Does nature of livelihood regulate the urban community’s vulnerability to climate change? Guwahati city, a case study from North East India. Journal of Environmental Management, 251(C), 109591. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109591.
Simane, B., Zaitchik, B. F., & Foltz, J. D. (2016). Agroecosystem specific climate vulnerability analysis: application of the livelihood vulnerability index to a tropical highland region. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 21(1), 39–65. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-014-9568-1.
Sujakhu, N. M., Ranjitkar, S., He, J., Schmidt-Vogt, D., Su, Y., & Xu, J. (2019). Assessing the livelihood vulnerability of rural indigenous households to climate changes in Central Nepal, Himalaya. Sustainability, 11(10), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11102977.
Suryanto, S., & Rahman, A. (2019). Application of livelihood vulnerability index to assess risks for farmers in the Sukoharjo regency and Klaten regency, Indonesia. Jàmbá - Journal of Disaster Risk Studies, 11(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.4102/jamba.v11i1.739.
Tanner, T., Lewis, D., Wrathall, D., Bronen, R., Cradock-Henry, N., Huq, S., … Thomalla, F. (2015). Livelihood resilience in the face of climate change. Nature Climate Change, 5(1), 23–26. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2431.
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Published
2021-04-30
How to Cite
GITIMA, Ginjo; LEGESSE, Abiyot; BIRU, Dereje.
Assessing The Impacts of Climate Variability on Rural Households in Agricultural Land Through The Application of Livelihood Vulnerability Index.
Geosfera Indonesia, [S.l.], v. 6, n. 1, p. 96-126, apr. 2021.
ISSN 2614-8528.
Available at: <https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/GEOSI/article/view/20718>. Date accessed: 27 apr. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.19184/geosi.v6i1.20718.
Section
Original Research Articles
