STUDI BIOLOGI DAN PREFERENSI Carpophilus dimidiatus F. (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) PADA BEBERAPA JENIS KACANG-KACANGAN
Abstract
[ENGLISH]
Carpophilus dimidiatus is an important pest that attack post harvest grains and dried fruit. The losses caused by C. dimidiatus attacks is quite high. C. dimidiatus has reported attacks on nut product. This study aims to know the biology of C. dimidiatus and the level of attacks on several nut. This research was conducted in Pest laboratory, Pest and Plant Disease Department of the Agricultural Faculty, Jember University from September 2012 until December 2012. The method used in this research was conduct biology test and preference test consisting of choosen test and non choosen test. The results showed C. dimidiatus life cycle needs 35-47 days or average 39,33 days wich consists of eggs 2-5 days, first instar 3-4 days, second instar 2-6 days, third instar 2-6 days, fourth instar 2-5 days, fifth instar 3-6 days, 7-18 days at sixth instar, pupa are 3-8 days. The egg colour are translucent white with a shape like a grain of rice, the larval body color are yellowish-white with golden brown head and tip of abdomen, the pupa are white with brown eyes. Fecundity C. dimidiatus are 162 eggs for 37 days, and about 5.4 eggs a day. Fertility of C. dimidiatus are 53.7%. Sex ratio of C. dimidiatus are 1:2. Three pairs of C. dimidiatus that made damages on 50 grams peanut local varieties can reach 54.90% during the eigth weeks of storage period.
Keywords: Carpophilus dimidiatus; nuts; preferences
[INDONESIAN]
Carpophilus dimidiatus adalah hama penting yang menyerang biji-bijian dan buah kering pasca panen. Kehilangan hasil yang diakibatkan oleh serangan C. dimidiatus cukup tinggi. Serangan C. dimidiatus juga ditemukan pada produk kacangkacangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui biologi dari C. dimidiatus dan tingkat serangan pada beberapa jenis kacang. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Lab. Hama Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jember mulai bulan September 2012 hingga Desember 2012. Metode yang dilakukan adalah melakukan Uji Biologi dan Uji Preferensi yang terdiri dari uji pilihan dan uji non pilihan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan siklus hidup C. dimidiatus membutuhkan waktu 35-47 hari yaitu rata-rata 39,33, terdiri dari telur 2-5 hari, larva instar ke-I 3-4 hari, larva instar ke-II 2-6 hari, larva instar ke-III 2-6 hari, larva instar ke-IV 2-5 hari, larva instar ke-V 3-6 hari, larva instar ke-VI 7-18 hari, pupa 3-8 hari. Warna telur putih bening dengan bentuk seperti bulir beras, warna tubuh larva putih kekuningan dengan ujung kepala dan ujung abdomen berwarna coklat keemasan, warna pupa putih dan bagian mata berwarna coklat. Fekunditas C. dimidiatus untuk satu pasang imago dapat menghasilkan 162 telur selama 37 hari, dan perharinya sekitar 5,4 butir telur. Fertilitas sebesar 53.7%. Seks rasio imago jantan:betina adalah 1:2. Infestasi tiga pasang C. dimidiatus pada 50 gram kacang tanah varietas lokal mengakibat kerusakan 54.90 % selama masa simpan delapan minggu.
Kata Kunci: Carpophilus dimidiatus; Kacang – kacangan; preferensi
How to citate: Jihan, Suharto, S Prastowo. 2014. Studi biologi dan preferensi Carpophilus dimidiatus F. (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) pada beberapa jenis kacang-kacangan. Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian 1(4): 73-76.
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