PENGHAMBATAN ACTINOMYCETES TERHADAP Erwinia carotovora Subsp. carotovora SECARA IN VITRO
Abstract
[ENGLISH]
The efforts to increase tobacco production is influence by the limiting factor in the field, such as plant disease. One of them is due to interference by Hollow Stalk disease caused by Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora. Some studies suggest that Actinomycetes can be used as a biological control for controlling Hollow Stalk on tobacco as it potentially produce antibiotics. This study was aimed to obtain isolates of Actinomycetes in the rhizospheric and soil in the area of tobacco plantation and to learn the inhibition of Actinomycetes against E. carotovora in vitro. The research was carried out with various stages, such as exploration and isolation of Actinomycetes, culturing E. carotovora, and testing of the inhibition in vitro through double-layer assay method. Exploration isolates of Actinomycetes resulted 12 isolates from four locations: Mumbulsari, Sukorambi, Sukowono and Gebang. Microbial colonies that grew white, not shiny with small diameter 3-20 mm was chosen for antibiotics test. Based on testing antibiosis against E. carotovora, all isolates Actinomycetes antagonistic properties showed formation of inhibition zone diameter of inhibition despite variations in individual isolates. Inhibition zone was vary with range of 18.30 mm to 49.95 mmof diameter that was shoing by isolate of Sukorambi 3 and Mumbulsari 2, respectively. The variation of the difference of differences of power allegedly inhibitory antagonism of each isolate Actinomycetes while also differences in produce antibiotics as inhibitors of the growth of pathogens.
Keywords: Erwinia carotovora; Actinomycetes; Antibiotics
[INDONESIAN]
Usaha peningkatan produksi tembakau dipengaruhi adanya faktor pembatas di lapangan, seperti penyakit tumbuhan. Salah satu diantaranya adalah akibat gangguan penyakit busuk batang berlubang yang disebabkan oleh Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora. Beberapa penelitian menyatakan bahwa Actinomycetes dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pengendali hayati untuk mengendalikan bakteri busuk batang berlubang pada tembakau karena berpotensi menghasilkan antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat Actinomycetes pada daerah rizosfer dan tanah di pertanaman tembakau dan mengetahui daya hambat Actinomycetes terhadap E. carotovora secara in vitro. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan berbagai tahapan, seperti eksplorasi dan
isolasi Actinomycetes, kultur E. carotovora, dan pengujian daya hambat secara in vitro dilakukan melalui pendekatan antibiosis dengan metode doublelayer assay. Isolat Actinomycetes hasil ekplorasi yang berhasil diisolasi sebanyak 12 isolat dari empat lokasi yaitu Mumbulsari, Sukorambi, Sukowono dan Gebang. Koloni mikrob yang tumbuh berwarna putih, tidak mengkilap dengan diameter kecil 3-20 mm. Berdasarkan pengujian antibiosis terhadap E. carotovora, semua isolat Actinomycetes memiliki sifat antagonis ditunjukkan dengan terbentuknya zona penghambatan meskipun terdapat variasi diameter penghambatan pada masing-masing isolat. Diameter zona hambatan yang terbentuk berkisar 18,30 mm yang ditunjukkan oleh isolat Actinomycetes asal Sukorambi 3 hingga 49,95 mm yang ditunjukkan oleh isolat Actinomycetes asal Mumbulsari dua. Adanya variasi perbedaan penghambatan diduga adanya perbedaan daya antagonisme dari masing-masing isolat Actinomycetes selain itu juga perbedaan dalam menghasilkan antibiotik sebagai penghambat pertumbuhan patogen.
Kata Kunci: Erwinia carotovora; Actinomycetes; Antibiotik
How to citate: Sallytha AAM, HS Addy, PA Mihardjo. 2014. Penghambatan actinomycetes terhadap Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora secara in vitro. Berkala Ilmiah Pertanian 1(4): 70-72.
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