Pengaruh EM4 dan Jarak Tanam terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) dengan Irigasi Tetes
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of stevia plant growth and yield on differences in EM4 concentrations and combinations with three different spacings. The experimental design used was a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two research factors. The first factor was the EM4 concentration which consisted of 4 levels, namely A0 = 0% EM4 concentration, A1 = 25% EM4 concentration, A2 = 50% EM4 concentration, and A3 = 75% EM4 concentration. The second factor was the use of three different spacings, namely 25 cm x 25 cm, 30 cm x 30 cm, and 40 cm x 40 cm. The observation variables used in this study were plant height, number of leaves, fresh leaf weight, plant fresh weight, leaf dry weight, and root length. The data analysis used was ANOVA analysis of variance by conducting the F test at the ANOVA level α = 0.05. The F test was conducted to determine whether there was an effect of EM4 and spacing on the growth and yield of stevia plants. If the F-count is greater than the F-table, it indicates that there is a significant difference, then a follow-up DMRT test is performed with a p = 0.05 confidence level. The results showed that there was an interaction between the various spacings and the application of EM4 which had a highly significant effect on the variable plant height observed and a significantly different effect on the number of leaves observed. The single factor of the various plant spacings had highly significant different effects on the observed root length variables, as well as significantly different effects on the number of leaves, plant height, leaf fresh weight, plant fresh weight, and dry weight. leaf. The single factor EM4 had a significantly different effect on the variable plant height and number of leaves observed. Treatment distance of 30 cm x 30 cm (L1) and 50% EM4 concentration (A2) gave the best effect.
References
Aisyah, Y., & Herlina, N. 2018. Pengaruh jarak tanam tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays L. var. saccharata) pada tumpangsari dengan tiga varietas tanaman kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman, 6(1): 66 - 75.
Arifah, S. H., Astiningrum, M., & Susilowati, Y. E. (2019). Efektivitas Macam Pupuk Kandang Dan Jarak Tanam Pada Hasil Tanaman. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Tropika Dan Subtropika 4, 4(1): 38–42.
Badan Pusat Statistika (BPS) dan Direktorat Jenderal Hortikultura. 2018. Statistik Produksi Gula di Indonesia Tahun 2018. Kementrian Pertanian.
Binolombangan, R., Pembengo, W., Dude, S. (2017). Pengaruh Waktu Penyiangan dan Jarak Tanam Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil tanaman Nilam (Pogostemon cabli Benth). ARTIKEL, 1(4771).
Cvijanovic, V., Gorica, C., Rajicic, V., Marikovic, J., Dukic, V., Bajagic, M., Duric, N. 2022. Infuence of diferent methods of application of efective microorganisms in nutrition of wheat on weight by 1000 grains, yield, and content of crude wheat proteins (TRITICUM SP). Cereal Research Communications, 50: 1259–1268
Ekawandani, N., & Alvianingsih. (2018). Efektivitas Kompos Daun Menggunakan EM4 dan Kotoran Sapi. TEDC, 12(2): 145–149.
Febriyono, R., Susilowati, Y. E., & Suprapto, A. (2017). Peningkatan hasil tanaman kangkung darat (Ipomoea reptans, l.) melalui perlakuan jarak tanam dan jumlah tanaman per lubang. Vigor: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Tropika dan Subtropika, 2(1), 22-27.
Fera, A. R., Sumartono, G. H., & Tini, E. W. (2019). Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang daun (Allium fistulosum L.) pada jarak tanam dan pemotongan bibit yang berbeda. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan, 19(1), 11-18.
Hamzah, H., Kunu, P. J., & Rumakat, A. (2018). Respons Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Ketimun (Cucumis sativus L) Terhadap Sistem Pengolahan Tanah Dan Jarak Tanam. Agrologia, 1(2): 106-112.
Haryati, U. 2014. Teknologi Irigasi Suplemen untuk Adaptasi Perubahan Iklim pada Pertanian Lahan Kering. Jurnal Sumber Daya Lahan. 8(1): 43-57.
Hasra, M., & Fithria, D. (2022). Pengaruh Pemberian Berbagai Pupuk Kandang terhadap Tiga Varietas Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Sawi (Brassica juncea L.). Perbal: Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan, 10(1), 128-136.
Herlina, N., & Prasetyorini, A. (2020). Pengaruh perubahan iklim pada musim tanam dan produktivitas jagung (Zea mays L.) di Kabupaten Malang. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 25(1), 118-128.
Hidalgo, D., Corona, F., & Martín-Marroquín, J. M. (2022). Manure biostabilization by effective microorganisms as a way to improve its agronomic value. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, 12(10), 4649-4664.
Intara, YI, Sapei, A., Sembiring, N., & Djoefrie, MB. (2011). Pengaruh penambahan bahan organik pada lempung dan lempung liat terhadap kemampuan mengikat air. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia , 16 (2), 130-135.
Kartika, T. 2018. Pengaruh Jarak Tanam terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jagung (Zea Mays L) Non Hibrida di Lahan Balai Agro Teknologi Terpadu (ATP). Sainmatika: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. 15(2): 129-139.
Kholid, M., Wangiyana, W., & Sudantha, I. M. (2023). Pengaruh Berbagai Jarak Tanam dan Penyisipan Kedelai terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung Manis (Zea mays L.). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Agrokomplek, 2(1), 81-90.
Kosma, C., V. Triantafyllidis, A. Papasavvas, G. Salahas, dan A. Patakas. 2013. Yield and Nutritional Quality of Greenhouse Lettuce as Affected by Shading and Cultivation Season. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture. 25(12): 974-979.
Kumar, R., S. Sharma, S. Sood. (2014). Yield components, light interception and marker compound accumulation of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) affected by planting material and plant density under western Himalayan conditions. Arch. Agron. Soil Sci. 1:1- 15.
Kurniasih, B. S. F., & Purnawati, D. A. (2008). Karakteristik Perakaran Tanaman Padi Sawah IR 64 (Oryza sativa, L) pada Umur Bibit dan Jarak Tanam yang Berbeda. Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science), 15(1), 15-25.
Lingga, P. 1986. Petunjuk Penggunaan Pupuk. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya.
Lutfiyana, N. H. (2017). Rancang Bangun Alat Ukur Suhu Tanah, Kelembaban Tanah dan Resistensi. Jurnal Teknik Elektro, 80-81.
Masoumi, S. J., Ranjbar, S., & Keshavarz, V. (2020). The effectiveness of stevia in diabetes mellitus: A review. International journal of nutrition sciences, 5(2), 45-49.
Meriatna., Zulmiardi. 2018. Study on Impact Strength Against Welding Smaw on Hardening Steel AISI 1050. In: Proceedings of MICoMS 2017, 1(1): 259-264.
Moongngarm, A., Sriharboot, N., Loypimai, P., & Moontree, T. (2022). Ohmic heating-assisted water extraction of steviol glycosides and phytochemicals from Stevia rebaudiana leaves. LWT, 154, 112798.
Mulyani, C., Heviyanti, M., & Hardiansyah, I. (2019). Pengaruh Jarak Tanam Dan Interval Penyemprotan Ekstrak Daun Muntingia Calabura Terhadap Hama Spodoptera Litura, F Terhadap Bunga Kubis (Brassica oleracea, L). Jurnal Penelitian Agrosamudra, 6 (1), 20-31.
Nikolova, E. (2015). Development in the production of natural sweetener (Stevia rebaudiana) in Bulgaria. Journal of Environmental and Agricultural Sciences, 3, 61-71.
Nurbaiti, F., Haryono, G., & Suprapto, A. (2017). Pengaruh Pemberian Mulsa Dan Jarak Tanam Pada Hasil Tanaman Kedelai (Glycine max, L. Merrill.) Var. Grobogan. Vigor: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Tropika Dan Subtropika, 2(2), 41-47.
Palupi, T., Alfandi. (2018). Pengaruh jarak tanam dan pemotongan umbi bibit terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) varietas Bima Brebes. Agroswagati, 6(1): 678-692.
Pandey, S., Singh, J., & Mauray, I.B. (2015). Effect of Black Polythene Mulch on Growth and Yield of Winter Dawn Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) by Improving Root Zone Temperature. Indian. J. Agric. Sci, 85, 1219-1222.
Pereira, C., Storck, L., Lopes, S. J., Martin, T. N., & Bisognin, D. A. (2016). Dry biomass and glycosides yield from Stevia rebaudiana leaves under different harvesting times. Bioscience Journal, 32(6).
Pujawan, M., Afandi, A., Novpriansyah, H., & Manik, K. E. (2016). Kemantapan agregat tanah pada lahan produksi rendah dan tinggi di PT Great Giant Pineapple. Jurnal Agrotek Tropika, 4(1).
Purnama, R. H., Santosa, S. J., & Hardiatmi, J. S. (2013). Pengaruh Konsentrasi Pupuk Kompos Enceng Gondok dan Jarak Tanam Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Sawi (Brassica Juncea L.)”. INNOFARM: Jurnal Inovasi Pertanian, 12(2): 95-107.
Pratama, FW (2022). Efektivitas Penipisan Buah dan Pemberian Berbagai Konsentrasi Pupuk Kalium terhadap Kualitas Buah Mentimun Apel (Cucumis sp.). Agritech: Jurnal Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto , 24 (1), 7-12.
Rizal, S. (2017). Pengaruh nutriasi yang diberikan terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman sawi pakcoy (Brassica rapa l.) Yang ditanam secara hidroponik. Sainmatika: Jurnal Ilmiah Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, 14(1), 38-44.
Ruminta, R., Wahyudin, A., & Sakinah, S. (2017). Respon pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi terhadap jarak tanam pada lahan tadah hujan dengan menggunakan pengairan intermittent. Agrin, 21(1).
Sakti, I. T., & Sugito, Y. (2019). Pengaruh Konsentrasi Pupuk Kandang Sapi dan Jarak Tanam Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.). PLANTROPICA: Journal of Agricultural Science, 3(2), 124-132.
Saragih, D. S., Dalimunthe, B. A., Sepriani, Y., & Adam, D. H. (2022). Pengaruh Media Tanam Tanah Liat Dan Tanah Bakaran Terhadap Pertanamantanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum Annum L.) Di Perkebunan Berangir Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Utara. Jurnal Pertanian Agros, 24(2), 350-355.
Senee, A., Ishnoo, Y. B., & Jeewon, R. (2022). An analysis of the contributors and factors influencing dietary patterns among the elderly population. Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal, 10(3): 895-903.
Setyawati, L., M. Marmaini, dan Y. P. Putri. 2020. Respons Pertumbuhan Tanaman Sawi Pakcoy (Brassica chinensis L.) terhadap Pemberian Air Kelapa Tua (Cocos nucifera). Indobiosains. 2(1): 1-6.
Sinta, M. M., & Sumaryono. (2019). Pertumbuhan, Produksi Biomassa, dan Kandungan Glikosida Steviol pada Lima Klon Stevia Introduksi di Bogor, Indonesia. Jurnal. Agron. Indonesia. 47(1), 105-110.
Suhartono, S., Djunaedy, A., Suryono, E., & Widodo, A. B. (2021). Pengaruh Interval Pemberian Air Dan Jenis Pupuk Kandang Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Kacang Hijau (Vigna Radiata L.). Rekayasa, 14(2), 282-287.
Sumanto, N., & Sembiring, A. 2021. Pengaruh Media Tanam Terhadap Pertumbuhan Stek Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana B.). Jurnal Agrotek Ummat, 8(1): 37-41.
Sutrisno, A., Ratnasari, E., & Fitrihidajati, H. (2015). Fermentasi limbah cair tahu menggunakan em4 sebagai alternatif nutrisi hidroponik dan aplikasinya pada sawi hijau (Brassica juncea var. Tosakan). Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Negeri Surabaya.
Talaat, N. B., Ghoniem, A. E., Abdelhamid, M. T., & Shawky, B. T. (2015). Effective microorganisms improve growth performance, alter nutrients acquisition and induce compatible solutes accumulation in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants subjected to salinity stress. Plant Growth Regulation, 75: 281-295.
Tumpal, H. S. S., Riyadi, S., Nuraeni, L. 2021. Panduan Praktis Budidaya Kakao. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya Grup.
Utomo, A. (2007). Pembuatan kompos dengan limbah organik. Jakarta: CV Sinar Cemerlang Abadi.
Wahyono, N. D., N. Hasanah, dan N. Nurprahastani. 2021. Optimization of Sterilization Techniques and Effects of Coconut Water for the Induction of Shoots of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni). Food and Agricultural Sciences: Polije Proceedings Series. 3(1): 10-18.
Widodo, A., Sujalu, A. P., & Syahfari, H. (2016). Pengaruh jarak tanam dan pupuk NPK Phonska terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt) Varietas Sweet Boy. Agrifor: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian dan Kehutanan, 15(2), 171-178.
Yadav, A. K., Singh, S., Dhyani, D., & Ahuja, P. S. (2011). A review on the improvement of stevia [Stevia rebaudiana (Bertoni)]. Canadian Journal of Plant Science, 91(1), 1-27.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
1.Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
2.Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
3.Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
