PENGARUH KONSENTRASI EKSTRAK BAWANG MERAH DAN AIR KELAPA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN STEK PUCUK JAMBU AIR MADU DELI HIJAU (Syzygium samarangense)
Abstract
ABSTRACTGreen Deli Rose Apples (Syzygium samarangense) has several beneficial properties in terms of usability, cultivation, health, and economy. The intensive development of green deli rose apples plants is needed given increasing demand, needs, and has bright prospects. One of the efforts to develop green deli rose apples plants is through handling plant propagation. Propagation of green deli rose apples can be done in two ways, namely generative and vegetative. Generative propagation requires a relatively long time, while vegetative propagation have difficult to growth in rooted. Shoot-cuttings is one of the vegetative propagation that has been chosen because it is easier to root than the old parts of the plant. The use of plant growth regulators (PGR) is needed to stimulate green deli rose apples shoot-cuttings rooting. Alternative PGR is giving shallot extract and coconut water as a substitute for synthetic auxin which has a relatively expensive price. The purpose of this study was to determine the combination of the effect of the concentration shallot extract and coconut water, as well as to find out the concentration of shallot extracts and coconut water which was most influential on the growth of shoot-cutting of green deli rose apples. The extract shallot concentration used is control, 0,5%, 1,0%, and 1,5%. The coconut water concentration used is control, 20%, 30% and 40%. Data obtained next analyzed and tested using DMRT α 5%. The result showed te best treatment combination for concentration shallot extract of 0,5% and coconut water of 20%.
Keywords: greend deli rose apples, shoot-cutting, shallot extract, coconut water
ABSTRAK
Jambu air madu deli hijau (MDH) (Syzygium samarangense) memiliki beberapa sifat yang menguntungkan baik dari segi kegunaan, budidaya, kesehatan, maupun ekonomi. Pengembangan tanaman secara intensif diperlukan mengingat permintaan dan kebutuhan yang semakin meningkat, serta memiliki prospek yang cerah. Salah satu usaha pengembangan tanaman yaitu melalui penanganan perbanyakan tanaman. Perbanyakan dapat dilakukan dengan dua cara yaitu generatif dan vegetatif. Perbanyakan secara generatif membutuhkan waktu yang relatif lama, sedangkan perbanyakan vegetatif memiliki kendala sulit membentuk perakaran. Stek pucuk merupakan salah satu perbanyakan vegetatif yang banyak dipilih karena lebih mudah berakar dibandingkan bagian tanaman tua. Penggunaan zat pengatur tumbuh (ZPT) diperlukan untuk merangsang perakaran stek pucuk jambu air MDH. Alternatif ZPT yaitu pemberian ekstrak bawang merah dan air kelapa sebagai pengganti auksin sintetis yang memiliki harga relatif mahal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kombinasi pengaruh konsentrasi ekstrak bawang merah dan air kelapa terhadap pertumbuhan stek pucuk jambu air MDH, serta mengetahui konsentrasi ekstrak bawang merah dan air kelapa yang paling berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan stek pucuk jambu air MDH. Konsentrasi ekstrak bawang merah yang digunakan antara lain kontrol, 0,5%, 1% dan 1,5%. Konsentrasi air kelapa yang digunakan antara lain kontrol, 20%, 30%, dan 40%. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis dan diuji menggunakan DMRT α 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kombinasi perlakuan terbaik untuk konsentrasi ekstrak bawang merah dan air kelapa adalah konsentrasi 0,5% dan air kelapa 20%.
Kata Kunci: jambu air madu deli hijau, stek pucuk, ekstrak bawang merah, air kelapa
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