Development of Electronic Module Based Microalgae and Testing Water Quality in Environmental Change Material to Improve Environmental Attitudes for High School Students
Abstract
One of the global problems that often occurs in society is environmental pollution, one of which is water pollution. The impact of water pollution is in the form of ecosystem damage and decreased water quality. One of nature's efforts to prevent environmental pollution in waters is by having bioindicators in waters, one of which is microalgae. However, if the community is less sensitive to environmental sustainability, environmental pollution will continue to occur. Therefore, public awareness is needed to protect the environment, one way is to foster an attitude of environmental concern among high school students by creating teaching materials related to the environment. To make it easier for students to understand and use the teaching materials, teaching materials were made in the form of PBL-based electronic modules that integrate materials related to microalgae and water quality to improve the environmental concern of class X high school students in a valid, practical and effective manner. The subjects used in this study were four classes of class X students of SMAN 12 Makassar. The instrument used in this study was an environmental concern attitude questionnaire that had been validated by experts. The results of this study can be categorized as valid, practical and effective because the validity results obtained 100% from the material expert validator, 92.2% from media and teaching materials experts, and 89.3 from biology education practitioners. While for the practicality test, there are 3 categories, namely, for individual tests the results were 86.58%, small group tests of 87.42%, and field tests of 87.44%. The effectiveness test is divided into 5 tests, namely, normality test, homogeneity test, N gain test, T test and ANCOVA test, where all tests obtained the results of the electronic module effectively used as teaching materials for class X of high school. This shows that the electronic module has an influence on the environmental care attitude of high school students in class X.
References
Acuña-Alonso, C., Álvarez, X., Lorenzo, O., Cancela, Á., Valero, E., & Sánchez, Á. (2021). Water toxicity in reservoirs after freshwater algae harvest. Journal of Cleaner Production, 283, 124560. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124560
Aldieri, L., Makkonen, T., & Paolo Vinci, C. (2020). Environmental knowledge spillovers and productivity: A patent analysis for large international firms in the energy, water and land resources fields. Resources Policy, 69, 101877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2020.101877
Ballesteros, I., Terán, P., Guamán-Burneo, C., González, N., Cruz, A., & Castillejo, P. (2021). DNA barcoding approach to characterize microalgae isolated from freshwater systems in Ecuador. Neotropical Biodiversity, 7(1), 170–183. https://doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2021.1920296
Chakraborty, S., Karmaker, D., Das, S. K., & Hossen, R. (2020). First report on phytoplankton communities of Barishal City, Bangladesh. Current Botany, 142–147. https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6296
Halang, B., Hakim, L., & Rahman, M. (n.d.). Macrozoobenthos as indicator for human activity along Asam- Asam River, South Kalimantan.
Hariyani, M., Kusumawardani, D., & Sukardjo, M. (2021). Effectiveness of use of Electronic Module in Sociology Subjects of Social Change for Equality Education Package C. Journal of Education Technology, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.23887/jet.v5i3.37719
Hariyati, R., & Putro, S. P. (2019). Bioindicator for environmental water quality based on saprobic and diversity indices of planktonic microalgae: A study case at Rawapening lake, Semarang district, Central Java, Indonesia. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1217(1), 012130. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1217/1/012130
Herrera, A., D’Imporzano, G., Acién Fernandez, F. G., & Adani, F. (2021). Sustainable production of microalgae in raceways: Nutrients and water management as key factors influencing environmental impacts. Journal of Cleaner Production, 287, 125005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125005
Howladar, M. F., Chakma, E., Jahan Koley, N., Islam, S., Numanbakth, M. A. A., Ahmed, Z., Chowdhury, T. R., & Akter, S. (2021). The water quality and pollution sources assessment of Surma river, Bangladesh using, hydrochemical, multivariate statistical and water quality index methods. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 12, 100523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsd.2020.100523
Kaiser, F. G., & Lange, F. (2021). Offsetting behavioral costs with personal attitude: Identifying the psychological essence of an environmental attitude measure. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 75, 101619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2021.101619
Khoironi, A., Anggoro, S., & Sudarno, S. (2019). Evaluation of the Interaction Among Microalgae Spirulina sp, Plastics Polyethylene Terephthalate and Polypropylene in Freshwater Environment. Journal of Ecological Engineering, 20(6), 161–173. https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/108637
Nur, S., & Hasyim, A. (n.d.). Analisis Kandungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) Ikan Nila (Oreochormis niloticus Linn) di Danau Tunggu Pampang Makassar.
Yunus, Y., & Pd, S. (2020). Perancangan Dan Pembuatan Modul Pembelajaran Elektronik Berbasis Project Based Learning Mata Pelajaran Simulasi Digital Smkn 8 Padang.
Peter, A. P., Khoo, K. S., Chew, K. W., Ling, T. C., Ho, S.-H., Chang, J.-S., & Show, P. L. (2021). Microalgae for biofuels, wastewater treatment and environmental monitoring. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 19(4), 2891–2904. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-021-01219-6
Pham, T.-L. (2019). Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Tropical Freshwater and Marine Microalgae. Journal of Chemistry, 2019, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9658386
Pikoli, M. R., Sari, A. F., Solihat, N. A., & Permana, A. H. (2019). Characteristics of tropical freshwater microalgae Micractinium conductrix, Monoraphidium sp. And Choricystis parasitica, and their potency as biodiesel feedstock. Heliyon, 5(12), e02922. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02922
Qian, C., Yu, K., & Gao, J. (2021). Understanding Environmental Attitude and Willingness to Pay With an Objective Measure of Attitude Strength. Environment and Behavior, 53(2), 119–150. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916519855140
Rani-Borges, B., Moschini-Carlos, V., & Pompêo, M. (2021). Microplastics and freshwater microalgae: What do we know so far? Aquatic Ecology, 55(2), 363–377. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-021-09834-9
Rashid, N., Ryu, A. J., Jeong, K. J., Lee, B., & Chang, Y.-K. (2019). Co-cultivation of two freshwater microalgae species to improve biomass productivity and biodiesel production. Energy Conversion and Management, 196, 640–648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2019.05.106
Robina-Ramírez, R., & Medina-Merodio, J.-A. (2019). Transforming students’ environmental attitudes in schools through external communities. Journal of Cleaner Production, 232, 629–638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.391
Singh, S. K., Chen, J., Del Giudice, M., & El-Kassar, A.-N. (2019). Environmental ethics, environmental performance, and competitive advantage: Role of environmental training. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146, 203–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.05.032
Soares, A. T., Da Costa, D. C., Vieira, A. A. H., & Antoniosi Filho, N. R. (2019). Analysis of major carotenoids and fatty acid composition of freshwater microalgae. Heliyon, 5(4), e01529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01529
Sueb, S., & Damayanti, J. (2021). The Effect of Macrozoobenthos Diversity Module based on Problem-based Learning on Junior High School Students’ Environmental Attitudes. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 10(3), 400–406. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v10i3.30766
Sueb, S., Suhadi, S., & Zahroh, V. R. A. (2021). The effect of ecosystem module based on inquiry with fishpond as a learning resource to improve environmental attitude. 030058. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0043587
Syamsussabri, M., Suhadi, & Sueb. (2019). The Effect of Environmental Pollution Module on Environmental Worldview in Senior High School. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1417(1), 012076. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1417/1/012076
Utomo, A. P., Hasanah et al. (2020). The Effectiveness of STEAM-Based Biotechnology Module Equipped with Flash Animation for Biology Learning in High School. International Journal of Instruction, 13(2), 463–476. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2020.13232a
Wang, J., & Zhang, Z. (2020). Phytoplankton, dissolved oxygen and nutrient patterns along a eutrophic river-estuary continuum: Observation and modeling. Journal of Environmental Management, 261, 110233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110233
Winaya, I. K. A., Darmawiguna, I. G. M., & Sindu, I. G. P (2021). Pengembangan E-Modul Berbasis Project Based Learning Pada Mata Pelajaran Pemrograman Web Kelas X di SMK NEGERI 3 Singaraja. Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan.
Xiao, J., Wang, B., Qiu, X.-L., Yang, M., & Liu, C.-Q. (2021). Interaction between carbon cycling and phytoplankton community succession in hydropower reservoirs: Evidence from stable carbon isotope analysis. Science of The Total Environment, 774, 145141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145141
Xiao, Y., Jiang, X., Liao, Y., Zhao, W., Zhao, P., & Li, M. (2020). Adverse physiological and molecular level effects of polystyrene microplastics on freshwater microalgae. Chemosphere, 255, 126914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126914
Yan, M., Chen, S., Huang, T., Li, B., Li, N., Liu, K., Zong, R., Miao, Y., & Huang, X. (2020). Community Compositions of Phytoplankton and Eukaryotes during the Mixing Periods of a Drinking Water Reservoir: Dynamics and Interactions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(4), 1128. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041128
Yang, Z., Hou, J., & Miao, L. (2021). Harvesting freshwater microalgae with natural polymer flocculants. Algal Research, 57, 102358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2021.102358
Zafar, A. U., Shen, J., Ashfaq, M., & Shahzad, M. (2021). Social media and sustainable purchasing attitude: Role of trust in social media and environmental effectiveness. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 63, 102751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102751
Zhang, Q., Yang, L., & Song, D. (2020). Environmental effect of decentralization on water quality near the border of cities: Evidence from China’s Province-managing-county reform. Science of The Total Environment, 708, 135154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135154
Aldieri, L., Makkonen, T., & Paolo Vinci, C. (2020). Environmental knowledge spillovers and productivity: A patent analysis for large international firms in the energy, water and land resources fields. Resources Policy, 69, 101877. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2020.101877
Ballesteros, I., Terán, P., Guamán-Burneo, C., González, N., Cruz, A., & Castillejo, P. (2021). DNA barcoding approach to characterize microalgae isolated from freshwater systems in Ecuador. Neotropical Biodiversity, 7(1), 170–183. https://doi.org/10.1080/23766808.2021.1920296
Chakraborty, S., Karmaker, D., Das, S. K., & Hossen, R. (2020). First report on phytoplankton communities of Barishal City, Bangladesh. Current Botany, 142–147. https://doi.org/10.25081/cb.2020.v11.6296
Halang, B., Hakim, L., & Rahman, M. (n.d.). Macrozoobenthos as indicator for human activity along Asam- Asam River, South Kalimantan.
Hariyani, M., Kusumawardani, D., & Sukardjo, M. (2021). Effectiveness of use of Electronic Module in Sociology Subjects of Social Change for Equality Education Package C. Journal of Education Technology, 5(3). https://doi.org/10.23887/jet.v5i3.37719
Hariyati, R., & Putro, S. P. (2019). Bioindicator for environmental water quality based on saprobic and diversity indices of planktonic microalgae: A study case at Rawapening lake, Semarang district, Central Java, Indonesia. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1217(1), 012130. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1217/1/012130
Herrera, A., D’Imporzano, G., Acién Fernandez, F. G., & Adani, F. (2021). Sustainable production of microalgae in raceways: Nutrients and water management as key factors influencing environmental impacts. Journal of Cleaner Production, 287, 125005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125005
Howladar, M. F., Chakma, E., Jahan Koley, N., Islam, S., Numanbakth, M. A. A., Ahmed, Z., Chowdhury, T. R., & Akter, S. (2021). The water quality and pollution sources assessment of Surma river, Bangladesh using, hydrochemical, multivariate statistical and water quality index methods. Groundwater for Sustainable Development, 12, 100523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsd.2020.100523
Kaiser, F. G., & Lange, F. (2021). Offsetting behavioral costs with personal attitude: Identifying the psychological essence of an environmental attitude measure. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 75, 101619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2021.101619
Khoironi, A., Anggoro, S., & Sudarno, S. (2019). Evaluation of the Interaction Among Microalgae Spirulina sp, Plastics Polyethylene Terephthalate and Polypropylene in Freshwater Environment. Journal of Ecological Engineering, 20(6), 161–173. https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/108637
Nur, S., & Hasyim, A. (n.d.). Analisis Kandungan Logam Berat Timbal (Pb) Ikan Nila (Oreochormis niloticus Linn) di Danau Tunggu Pampang Makassar.
Yunus, Y., & Pd, S. (2020). Perancangan Dan Pembuatan Modul Pembelajaran Elektronik Berbasis Project Based Learning Mata Pelajaran Simulasi Digital Smkn 8 Padang.
Peter, A. P., Khoo, K. S., Chew, K. W., Ling, T. C., Ho, S.-H., Chang, J.-S., & Show, P. L. (2021). Microalgae for biofuels, wastewater treatment and environmental monitoring. Environmental Chemistry Letters, 19(4), 2891–2904. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10311-021-01219-6
Pham, T.-L. (2019). Effect of Silver Nanoparticles on Tropical Freshwater and Marine Microalgae. Journal of Chemistry, 2019, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9658386
Pikoli, M. R., Sari, A. F., Solihat, N. A., & Permana, A. H. (2019). Characteristics of tropical freshwater microalgae Micractinium conductrix, Monoraphidium sp. And Choricystis parasitica, and their potency as biodiesel feedstock. Heliyon, 5(12), e02922. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02922
Qian, C., Yu, K., & Gao, J. (2021). Understanding Environmental Attitude and Willingness to Pay With an Objective Measure of Attitude Strength. Environment and Behavior, 53(2), 119–150. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916519855140
Rani-Borges, B., Moschini-Carlos, V., & Pompêo, M. (2021). Microplastics and freshwater microalgae: What do we know so far? Aquatic Ecology, 55(2), 363–377. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-021-09834-9
Rashid, N., Ryu, A. J., Jeong, K. J., Lee, B., & Chang, Y.-K. (2019). Co-cultivation of two freshwater microalgae species to improve biomass productivity and biodiesel production. Energy Conversion and Management, 196, 640–648. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2019.05.106
Robina-Ramírez, R., & Medina-Merodio, J.-A. (2019). Transforming students’ environmental attitudes in schools through external communities. Journal of Cleaner Production, 232, 629–638. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.391
Singh, S. K., Chen, J., Del Giudice, M., & El-Kassar, A.-N. (2019). Environmental ethics, environmental performance, and competitive advantage: Role of environmental training. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 146, 203–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2019.05.032
Soares, A. T., Da Costa, D. C., Vieira, A. A. H., & Antoniosi Filho, N. R. (2019). Analysis of major carotenoids and fatty acid composition of freshwater microalgae. Heliyon, 5(4), e01529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01529
Sueb, S., & Damayanti, J. (2021). The Effect of Macrozoobenthos Diversity Module based on Problem-based Learning on Junior High School Students’ Environmental Attitudes. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 10(3), 400–406. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v10i3.30766
Sueb, S., Suhadi, S., & Zahroh, V. R. A. (2021). The effect of ecosystem module based on inquiry with fishpond as a learning resource to improve environmental attitude. 030058. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0043587
Syamsussabri, M., Suhadi, & Sueb. (2019). The Effect of Environmental Pollution Module on Environmental Worldview in Senior High School. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1417(1), 012076. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1417/1/012076
Utomo, A. P., Hasanah et al. (2020). The Effectiveness of STEAM-Based Biotechnology Module Equipped with Flash Animation for Biology Learning in High School. International Journal of Instruction, 13(2), 463–476. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2020.13232a
Wang, J., & Zhang, Z. (2020). Phytoplankton, dissolved oxygen and nutrient patterns along a eutrophic river-estuary continuum: Observation and modeling. Journal of Environmental Management, 261, 110233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110233
Winaya, I. K. A., Darmawiguna, I. G. M., & Sindu, I. G. P (2021). Pengembangan E-Modul Berbasis Project Based Learning Pada Mata Pelajaran Pemrograman Web Kelas X di SMK NEGERI 3 Singaraja. Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi dan Kejuruan.
Xiao, J., Wang, B., Qiu, X.-L., Yang, M., & Liu, C.-Q. (2021). Interaction between carbon cycling and phytoplankton community succession in hydropower reservoirs: Evidence from stable carbon isotope analysis. Science of The Total Environment, 774, 145141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145141
Xiao, Y., Jiang, X., Liao, Y., Zhao, W., Zhao, P., & Li, M. (2020). Adverse physiological and molecular level effects of polystyrene microplastics on freshwater microalgae. Chemosphere, 255, 126914. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126914
Yan, M., Chen, S., Huang, T., Li, B., Li, N., Liu, K., Zong, R., Miao, Y., & Huang, X. (2020). Community Compositions of Phytoplankton and Eukaryotes during the Mixing Periods of a Drinking Water Reservoir: Dynamics and Interactions. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(4), 1128. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041128
Yang, Z., Hou, J., & Miao, L. (2021). Harvesting freshwater microalgae with natural polymer flocculants. Algal Research, 57, 102358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.algal.2021.102358
Zafar, A. U., Shen, J., Ashfaq, M., & Shahzad, M. (2021). Social media and sustainable purchasing attitude: Role of trust in social media and environmental effectiveness. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 63, 102751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2021.102751
Zhang, Q., Yang, L., & Song, D. (2020). Environmental effect of decentralization on water quality near the border of cities: Evidence from China’s Province-managing-county reform. Science of The Total Environment, 708, 135154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135154
Published
2024-10-12
How to Cite
MURTI, Andi Basliawanti; SUEB, Sueb; MUHDAR, Mimien Henie Irawati Al.
Development of Electronic Module Based Microalgae and Testing Water Quality in Environmental Change Material to Improve Environmental Attitudes for High School Students.
BIOEDUKASI, [S.l.], p. 346-355, oct. 2024.
ISSN 2580-0094.
Available at: <https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/BIOED/article/view/49276>. Date accessed: 21 dec. 2024.
doi: https://doi.org/10.19184/bioedu.v22i3.49276.
Issue
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1920-0515
